GOST 50571.15-97 (IEC 364-5-52-93) UDC 696.6:006.354 Group E08 STATE STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION Electrical installations of buildings Part 5 SELECTION AND INSTALLATION OF ELECTRICAL WIRING Chapter 52 Electrical installations of buildings. Part 5. Selection and erection of electrical equipment. Chapter 52. Wiring systems ACS 27,020, 29,020 OKS 3402 Effective date 1/7/1997 Preface 1 developed by the JSC Company Electrical 2 introduced by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 337 Electrical equipment of residential and public buildings 3 approved and put into effect by Decision of Russian State Standard of April 8, 1997 . № 125 4 This standard contains the full authentic text of the international standard IEC 364-5-52 (1993) "Electrical installations of buildings. Part 5. Selection and installation of electrical equipment. Chapter 52. Wiring "except italicized paragraphs 522.1.1, 522.6.2, 522.7.1, 522.12.2. . Replaced in these paragraphs the authentic text of the IEC 364-5-52-93 given in Appendix A to this standard. The standard also contains additional requirements that are in italics in paragraphs 521.1 (note the text in Table 52 P), 521.3 (for circuits 11, 11A, 12-17, 21, 31, 31A, 32, 32A, 51, 52, Table 52N ), 522 (note 2), 525, 526.2, 527.1.1, 527.1.5, 527.2.4, 528.1.1 5 Enter first introduced This standard is part of the state standards for electrical installations of buildings developed on the basis of the international standard IEC 364 " Electrical installations of buildings. " The system of numbering sections and paragraphs in this standard consistent set out in IEC 364-5-52-93, so in this standard in the notation, for example, paragraph 521.1 figure 5 represents the number of international standard IEC 364-5-52-93, numbers 52 - chapter number 521 - the section number of the standard. Application of the established IEC numbering system provides mutual alignment requirements of private standards set state standards for electrical installations of buildings (IEC 50571). The requirements of this standard should be considered when developing and revising standards, rules and regulations on the device, testing, certification and maintenance of electrical installations of buildings. Regulated standard requirements determined by the type used by wire or cable, a way of mounting pads, and external influencing factors, the conditions limiting the spread of combustion, convergence with other engineering networks and facilities, as well as conditions to ensure maintenance. Scope of the standard - in accordance with GOST 50571.1 (part 1, section 1). Due to significant differences between the requirements for external influencing factors (WWF), adopted in Russia and the CIS, the requirements of IEC and ISO in this standard is optional, and in some areas and replace the requirements of IEC 364-5-52-93 include requirements of domestic and inter-state (CIS) standards. All made in the text of the standard additions and changes are in italics, and the corresponding authentic text is given in Appendix A to this standard. Appendix B shows the basic provisions for verification of resistance mounted wiring to the influence of special media. The standard contains a number of requirements and regulations that are significantly different from the requirements of the current Regulations for Electrical Installation (SEP). The most important ones are: 1 Insulated wires may be run only in pipes, conduits and insulators. Not allowed to lay insulated wires hidden under plaster, in concrete, in masonry, in the hollows of building structures, as well as open on the surface of walls and ceilings, on trays, on the ropes and other structures. In this case, should be used insulated wires with a protective sheath or cables. 2 In one-or three-phase zero cross-section of the working conductor and PEN-conductor must be equal to the cross section of the phase conductor at his section of 16 mm and below, for conductors with copper conductors and 25 mm and below - for conductors with aluminum core. For large sections of the phase conductors may decrease the zero-section of the working conductor, provided that: - the expected maximum operating current in the neutral conductor does not exceed the allowable current for a long time - protective earth conductor is protected against overcurrent. 3 Not recommended for soldering when connecting conductors of power circuits. 4 Increases the requirements for sealing the passage of seats wiring through the walls and floor slabs. Imposed requirements increase reliability, electrical and fire safety of electrical installations of buildings. Until the SEP in accordance with a set of IEC standards for electrical installations of buildings used in the SEP of the requirements that are consistent with a specified set of standards. 1 Scope This Standard specifies requirements for selection, installation and maintenance of electrical wiring. Standard applies to electrical power, lighting and auxiliary circuits with voltage up to 1000 Vac and 1200 Vdc, take place inside buildings, as well as on their exterior walls and in close proximity to them using the insulated wires and cables (IEC 50571.1) . 2 Normative references in this standard references are inheriting standards: GOST 9.005-72 ESZKS. Metals, alloys, and non-metallic inorganic coatings. Permissible and impermissible contact with the metal and nonmetal GOST 9.303-84 ESZKS. Coverage and non-metallic inorganic. General requirements for the choice of guest 12.1.004-91 SSBT. Fire safety. General requirements of GOST 12.1.010-76 SSBT. Danger of explosion. General requirements of GOST 12.2.007.0-75 SSBT. Electrotechnical products. General safety requirements of GOST 12176-89 cables, wires and cords. Methods of test for flame retardance GOST 14254-96 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (code IP) 15150-69 machinery, appliances and other industrial products. Designs for different climatic regions. Category, environmental conditions, storage and transportation of the impact of climatic factors among the guests 15543.1-89 Electrotechnical products. General requirements for resistance to climatic factors external Dormant GOST 15963-79 Electrotechnical products for areas with tropical climates. General technical requirements and test methods GOST 17516.1-90 Electrotechnical products. General requirements for mechanical resistance to external influencing factors GOST 24682-81 Electrotechnical products. General technical requirements in terms of special effects among the guests 24683-81 Electrotechnical products. Methods to control resistance to special among the guests 28668.1-91 Low voltage switchgear and complete control. Part 2. Particular requirements for busbar (busbar), GOST 50462-92 Identification of conductors by colors or numerals GOST 50571.1-93 Electrical installations of buildings. Key provisions of GOST 50571.2-94 Electrical installations of buildings. Part 3. The main characteristics of GOST 50571.8-94 Electrical installations of buildings. Part 4. Security requirements. General requirements for the application of protective measures to ensure safety. Requirements for the application of protective measures against electric shock GOST R IEC 449-96 Electrical installations of buildings. Voltage ranges 52 GENERAL PROVISIONS 52.1 In selecting and installing electrical wiring must be taken into account the requirements of GOST R 50571.1 for cables and wires to their end seals and / or connection to their support or suspension structures, shielding, and methods of protection against external influences, and to provide general requirements security in accordance with GOST 50571.1 (Part 2). Note - The requirements of this standard, in general, also apply to the protective conductor, with a corresponding set of private standards of GOST 50571 for protective conductors are set additional requirements. 521 Kinds of wirings 521.1 Method of wiring, depending on the type of wire or cable should be chosen according to table 52F, provided that external influences on the wires or cables comply with existing standards for these wires and cables. 521.2 Method of wiring, depending on where strip must match the table 52G. 521.3 Examples of implementation of the wiring are shown in Table 52N. Note - Other types of wiring, not covered by this standard may be used only under the condition that they meet the general requirements of this standard. 521.4 Busbars Busbars shall meet the requirements of GOST 28668.1, and mounted on the instructions of the manufacturer. In this installation work carried out in strict accordance with the requirements of sections 522 (except paragraphs 522.1.1, 522.3.3, 522.8.1.6, 522.8.1.7 and 522.8.1.8), 525-528. 521.5 AC circuit conductors, enclosed in a ferromagnetic envelope shall be offset so that all the wires of each circuit are in the same envelope. Note - If this condition is not met, there may be overheating of wires and significant loss of voltage due to the effect of inductance. Table 52F - Choice of electrical wires and cables of mounting without mounting a direct mounting in tubes in boxes in special boxes on the patch and the brackets on insulators on a rope (string) Bare wire - - - - - - + - Insulated Wire - - + + + - + - Insulated wire in a protective shell and coated cables (including armored and mineral insulated) Stranded + + + + + + 0 + 0 + Solid + + + + 0 + Legend: "+" - are permitted; - "- not allowed; 0" - does not apply generally or in practice is not used. Note - A special box - a rectangular box, designed for wiring and cabling, which has no removable or opening lids. Table 52G - Installation of electrical wiring Place strips of mounting without mounting a direct mounting in tubes in boxes in special boxes on trays and brackets on insulators on a rope (string) in the voids of building structures 21, 25, 73, 74, 0 22, 73, 74 - 23 12-16 - - The raceways 43 43 41 42 31 32 4, 23 12-16 - - In the land of 62, 63 0 61 - 61 0 - - In the structures of 52, 53, 51 1, 2, 5 33 24 0 - - Hot Strip on building structures 11 March 1931, 32, 71, 72 4 12-16 18 - air - - 0 34 - 12-16 18 17 In water 81 81 0 - 0 0 - - Legend: - - not allowed; 0 "- does not apply generally or in practice is not used. Notes: 1 Figures in the table indicate the reference number (see Table 52N). 2, the value of permissible current load - GOST P 50571 (IEC 364-5-523). Table 52N - Examples of installation Note - Pictures do not give a precise description of the product or practice editing, but are considering mounting method. Example Description Reference number insulated wires in pipes embedded in the walls of a Multi-conductor cable in pipes embedded in walls 2 insulated wires laid in open pipe 3 Single-or multi-core cables laid in open pipe 3A Insulated wire in special boxes on the walls of four single-or multicore cables in special boxes on the walls 4A insulated wires in the pipes in the clutch 5 one-or multi-core cables in tubes in a batch 5A insulated wires in a protective shell, jacketed cable and / or armored cables are single-or multi-core: - on the wall of 11 - to 11A ceiling - on non-perforated trays 12 - on perforated trays 13 - on the brackets, fixed horizontally or vertically to 14 - to klitsah 15 - to ladder type 16 Insulated wire in a protective shell, jacketed cable Solid or stranded, hanging on a rope (string ) or having the suspension cable (string) 17 bare or insulated wire on insulators 18 insulated wires in a protective shell, jacketed cable or single-stranded in the cavities of 21 building structures insulated wires in the pipes in the voids of the building structures 22 Cables single or stranded in the pipes in the interstices of building structures 22A Insulated wire in special boxes in the cavities of building structures 23 Cables single or stranded in special boxes in the cavities of building structures 23A Insulated wire in special boxes in laying cables 24 single-stranded or in special boxes in laying cables 24A single- or stranded in the shell: 25 - laid in the ceiling voids - in double floors insulated wires, cables, single or stranded in the boxes on the wall: - laid horizontally 31, 31A - padded upright 32, 32A Insulated cables in ducts, recessed flush into the wall or 33 floors Cables single or stranded in the boxes, recessed flush into walls or floors 33A Insulated wire hanging boxes 34 Cables single or stranded in limbo boxes 34A Insulated wires in the pipes, installed in a horizontal or vertical closed conduits 41 Insulated wire in the tubes in ventilated cable channels in the floor 42 jacketed cable Solid or stranded in a horizontal or vertical open or ventilated cable channels 43 Insulated wire in a protective shell, jacketed cable multicore, imbedded directly into the wall 51 insulated wires in a protective shell, jacketed cable one - solid or stranded, and close up directly in the clutch: 52 - without any additional mechanical protection - with additional mechanical protection of 53 cable jacketed single-stranded or in pipes or in special boxes in the land of 61 jacketed cable Solid or stranded in the land: 62 - without additional mechanical protection - with extra mechanical protection of 63 insulated wires and cables in the eaves of 71 insulated wires and cables in the baseboard boxes Place for communication cables and computer networks in 1972 Insulated wire in the pipes or cables in the shell of the single-stranded or laid: 73 - to door frames - in the window frames 74 jacketed cable Solid or stranded, laid in the water 81 521.6 Wiring in pipes and ducts is allowed to lay a few circuits in the same tube or box under the condition that all the wires have insulation rated for the highest rated power installed in the pipe or box chains. 522 Selection and installation of electrical wiring, depending on external influences Notes 1 This section covers only those external factors specified in the GOST R 50571.2, which significantly affect the electrical wiring. 2 The specific operating conditions in the wiring of the external climatic factors (WWF) set in accordance with GOST 15150 and GOST 15543.1, according to one of the types of climatic modification specified in 321 GOST 50571.2. 522.1 Ambient Temperature (321.1 GOST R 50571.2) 522.1.1 Selection and wiring must be made in such a way that it was suitable for use with the highest local value of the ambient temperature in accordance with 5.4 and 5.5 Standard 15150. In this case, the upper and lower operating temperature wiring must be installed in accordance with Annex 4 GOST 15543.1. 522.1.2 The various components of electrical wiring, including cables and all accessories shall be installed only at those temperatures, which are specified in the relevant standards for specific types of articles or given by the manufacturer in accordance with 1.3 of Annex 4 GOST 15543.1. 522.2 External heat sources 522.2.1 To protect the wiring from heating by external heat sources should be used one of these or other methods of equal effectiveness: - screening - removing the wiring from source of heat to a sufficient distance - the choice of wiring with the additional temperature rise, which can take place - strengthening local insulation or replacement of the insulation material. If you eliminate additional heating above method fails, apply a correction factor to the temperature of the soil, water or air in the light of section 3 of Annex 3 to GOST 15543.1. NOTE - The heat from external sources can be transmitted by radiation, convection or conduction from: - hot water systems - from appliances and fixtures - as a result of the process - through the heat-conducting materials - from solar radiation or the environment. 522.3 Availability of water (321.4 GOST R 50571.2) 522.3.1 Wiring should be selected and mounted so as to keep water in them did not cause any damage. Mounted wiring must have a degree of protection of IP, the proper place of its location. Notes 1 In principle, intact membranes and cable insulation in fixed electrical installations may be considered as sufficient protection from moisture. Special consideration require cables with high occurrences of spray, flooding or immersion in water. 2 The damage to the wiring should be understood electrical insulation breakdown and mechanical damage of membranes or isolation. 522.3.2 should be capable of removing water or condensation in areas where they can accumulate. General specifications GOST 2.702-75 Unified system for design documentation. Rules for making electronic circuits with GOST 2.752-71 Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams. Robot device GOST 2.755-87 Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in electrical circuits. Device switching and contact connections GOST 2.756-76 * Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams. Is often perceived electromechanical devices GOST 2.757-81 * Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams. Elements of the switching field for switching systems GOST 2.758-81 Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams. Signal Technology GOST 2.762-85 * Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in electrical circuits. Frequencies and frequency bands for transmission systems GOST 2.763-85 * Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in electrical circuits. Device with a pulse-code modulation GOST 2.764-86 Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in electrical circuits. Integrated optoelectronic display elements GOST 2.768-90 Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams.
GOST 50571.15-97 (IEC 364-5-52-93) UDC 696.6:006.354 Group E08 STATE STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION Electrical installations of buildings Part 5 SELECTION AND INSTALLATION OF ELECTRICAL WIRING Chapter 52 Electrical installations of buildings. Part 5. Selection and erection of electrical equipment. Chapter 52. Wiring systems ACS 27,020, 29,020 OKS 3402 Effective date 1/7/1997 Preface 1 developed by the JSC Company Electrical 2 introduced by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 337 Electrical equipment of residential and public buildings 3 approved and put into effect by Decision of Russian State Standard of April 8, 1997 . № 125 4 This standard contains the full authentic text of the international standard IEC 364-5-52 (1993) "Electrical installations of buildings. Part 5. Selection and installation of electrical equipment. Chapter 52. Wiring "except italicized paragraphs 522.1.1, 522.6.2, 522.7.1, 522.12.2. . Replaced in these paragraphs the authentic text of the IEC 364-5-52-93 given in Appendix A to this standard. The standard also contains additional requirements that are in italics in paragraphs 521.1 (note the text in Table 52 P), 521.3 (for circuits 11, 11A, 12-17, 21, 31, 31A, 32, 32A, 51, 52, Table 52N ), 522 (note 2), 525, 526.2, 527.1.1, 527.1.5, 527.2.4, 528.1.1 5 Enter first introduced This standard is part of the state standards for electrical installations of buildings developed on the basis of the international standard IEC 364 " Electrical installations of buildings. " The system of numbering sections and paragraphs in this standard consistent set out in IEC 364-5-52-93, so in this standard in the notation, for example, paragraph 521.1 figure 5 represents the number of international standard IEC 364-5-52-93, numbers 52 - chapter number 521 - the section number of the standard. Application of the established IEC numbering system provides mutual alignment requirements of private standards set state standards for electrical installations of buildings (IEC 50571). The requirements of this standard should be considered when developing and revising standards, rules and regulations on the device, testing, certification and maintenance of electrical installations of buildings. Regulated standard requirements determined by the type used by wire or cable, a way of mounting pads, and external influencing factors, the conditions limiting the spread of combustion, convergence with other engineering networks and facilities, as well as conditions to ensure maintenance. Scope of the standard - in accordance with GOST 50571.1 (part 1, section 1). Due to significant differences between the requirements for external influencing factors (WWF), adopted in Russia and the CIS, the requirements of IEC and ISO in this standard is optional, and in some areas and replace the requirements of IEC 364-5-52-93 include requirements of domestic and inter-state (CIS) standards. All made in the text of the standard additions and changes are in italics, and the corresponding authentic text is given in Appendix A to this standard. Appendix B shows the basic provisions for verification of resistance mounted wiring to the influence of special media. The standard contains a number of requirements and regulations that are significantly different from the requirements of the current Regulations for Electrical Installation (SEP). The most important ones are: 1 Insulated wires may be run only in pipes, conduits and insulators. Not allowed to lay insulated wires hidden under plaster, in concrete, in masonry, in the hollows of building structures, as well as open on the surface of walls and ceilings, on trays, on the ropes and other structures. In this case, should be used insulated wires with a protective sheath or cables. 2 In one-or three-phase zero cross-section of the working conductor and PEN-conductor must be equal to the cross section of the phase conductor at his section of 16 mm and below, for conductors with copper conductors and 25 mm and below - for conductors with aluminum core. For large sections of the phase conductors may decrease the zero-section of the working conductor, provided that: - the expected maximum operating current in the neutral conductor does not exceed the allowable current for a long time - protective earth conductor is protected against overcurrent. 3 Not recommended for soldering when connecting conductors of power circuits. 4 Increases the requirements for sealing the passage of seats wiring through the walls and floor slabs. Imposed requirements increase reliability, electrical and fire safety of electrical installations of buildings. Until the SEP in accordance with a set of IEC standards for electrical installations of buildings used in the SEP of the requirements that are consistent with a specified set of standards. 1 Scope This Standard specifies requirements for selection, installation and maintenance of electrical wiring. Standard applies to electrical power, lighting and auxiliary circuits with voltage up to 1000 Vac and 1200 Vdc, take place inside buildings, as well as on their exterior walls and in close proximity to them using the insulated wires and cables (IEC 50571.1) . 2 Normative references in this standard references are inheriting standards: GOST 9.005-72 ESZKS. Metals, alloys, and non-metallic inorganic coatings. Permissible and impermissible contact with the metal and nonmetal GOST 9.303-84 ESZKS. Coverage and non-metallic inorganic. General requirements for the choice of guest 12.1.004-91 SSBT. Fire safety. General requirements of GOST 12.1.010-76 SSBT. Danger of explosion. General requirements of GOST 12.2.007.0-75 SSBT. Electrotechnical products. General safety requirements of GOST 12176-89 cables, wires and cords. Methods of test for flame retardance GOST 14254-96 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (code IP) 15150-69 machinery, appliances and other industrial products. Designs for different climatic regions. Category, environmental conditions, storage and transportation of the impact of climatic factors among the guests 15543.1-89 Electrotechnical products. General requirements for resistance to climatic factors external Dormant GOST 15963-79 Electrotechnical products for areas with tropical climates. General technical requirements and test methods GOST 17516.1-90 Electrotechnical products. General requirements for mechanical resistance to external influencing factors GOST 24682-81 Electrotechnical products. General technical requirements in terms of special effects among the guests 24683-81 Electrotechnical products. Methods to control resistance to special among the guests 28668.1-91 Low voltage switchgear and complete control. Part 2. Particular requirements for busbar (busbar), GOST 50462-92 Identification of conductors by colors or numerals GOST 50571.1-93 Electrical installations of buildings. Key provisions of GOST 50571.2-94 Electrical installations of buildings. Part 3. The main characteristics of GOST 50571.8-94 Electrical installations of buildings. Part 4. Security requirements. General requirements for the application of protective measures to ensure safety. Requirements for the application of protective measures against electric shock GOST R IEC 449-96 Electrical installations of buildings. Voltage ranges 52 GENERAL PROVISIONS 52.1 In selecting and installing electrical wiring must be taken into account the requirements of GOST R 50571.1 for cables and wires to their end seals and / or connection to their support or suspension structures, shielding, and methods of protection against external influences, and to provide general requirements security in accordance with GOST 50571.1 (Part 2). Note - The requirements of this standard, in general, also apply to the protective conductor, with a corresponding set of private standards of GOST 50571 for protective conductors are set additional requirements. 521 Kinds of wirings 521.1 Method of wiring, depending on the type of wire or cable should be chosen according to table 52F, provided that external influences on the wires or cables comply with existing standards for these wires and cables. 521.2 Method of wiring, depending on where strip must match the table 52G. 521.3 Examples of implementation of the wiring are shown in Table 52N. Note - Other types of wiring, not covered by this standard may be used only under the condition that they meet the general requirements of this standard. 521.4 Busbars Busbars shall meet the requirements of GOST 28668.1, and mounted on the instructions of the manufacturer. In this installation work carried out in strict accordance with the requirements of sections 522 (except paragraphs 522.1.1, 522.3.3, 522.8.1.6, 522.8.1.7 and 522.8.1.8), 525-528. 521.5 AC circuit conductors, enclosed in a ferromagnetic envelope shall be offset so that all the wires of each circuit are in the same envelope. Note - If this condition is not met, there may be overheating of wires and significant loss of voltage due to the effect of inductance. Table 52F - Choice of electrical wires and cables of mounting without mounting a direct mounting in tubes in boxes in special boxes on the patch and the brackets on insulators on a rope (string) Bare wire - - - - - - + - Insulated Wire - - + + + - + - Insulated wire in a protective shell and coated cables (including armored and mineral insulated) Stranded + + + + + + 0 + 0 + Solid + + + + 0 + Legend: "+" - are permitted; - "- not allowed; 0" - does not apply generally or in practice is not used. Note - A special box - a rectangular box, designed for wiring and cabling, which has no removable or opening lids. Table 52G - Installation of electrical wiring Place strips of mounting without mounting a direct mounting in tubes in boxes in special boxes on trays and brackets on insulators on a rope (string) in the voids of building structures 21, 25, 73, 74, 0 22, 73, 74 - 23 12-16 - - The raceways 43 43 41 42 31 32 4, 23 12-16 - - In the land of 62, 63 0 61 - 61 0 - - In the structures of 52, 53, 51 1, 2, 5 33 24 0 - - Hot Strip on building structures 11 March 1931, 32, 71, 72 4 12-16 18 - air - - 0 34 - 12-16 18 17 In water 81 81 0 - 0 0 - - Legend: - - not allowed; 0 "- does not apply generally or in practice is not used. Notes: 1 Figures in the table indicate the reference number (see Table 52N). 2, the value of permissible current load - GOST P 50571 (IEC 364-5-523). Table 52N - Examples of installation Note - Pictures do not give a precise description of the product or practice editing, but are considering mounting method. Example Description Reference number insulated wires in pipes embedded in the walls of a Multi-conductor cable in pipes embedded in walls 2 insulated wires laid in open pipe 3 Single-or multi-core cables laid in open pipe 3A Insulated wire in special boxes on the walls of four single-or multicore cables in special boxes on the walls 4A insulated wires in the pipes in the clutch 5 one-or multi-core cables in tubes in a batch 5A insulated wires in a protective shell, jacketed cable and / or armored cables are single-or multi-core: - on the wall of 11 - to 11A ceiling - on non-perforated trays 12 - on perforated trays 13 - on the brackets, fixed horizontally or vertically to 14 - to klitsah 15 - to ladder type 16 Insulated wire in a protective shell, jacketed cable Solid or stranded, hanging on a rope (string ) or having the suspension cable (string) 17 bare or insulated wire on insulators 18 insulated wires in a protective shell, jacketed cable or single-stranded in the cavities of 21 building structures insulated wires in the pipes in the voids of the building structures 22 Cables single or stranded in the pipes in the interstices of building structures 22A Insulated wire in special boxes in the cavities of building structures 23 Cables single or stranded in special boxes in the cavities of building structures 23A Insulated wire in special boxes in laying cables 24 single-stranded or in special boxes in laying cables 24A single- or stranded in the shell: 25 - laid in the ceiling voids - in double floors insulated wires, cables, single or stranded in the boxes on the wall: - laid horizontally 31, 31A - padded upright 32, 32A Insulated cables in ducts, recessed flush into the wall or 33 floors Cables single or stranded in the boxes, recessed flush into walls or floors 33A Insulated wire hanging boxes 34 Cables single or stranded in limbo boxes 34A Insulated wires in the pipes, installed in a horizontal or vertical closed conduits 41 Insulated wire in the tubes in ventilated cable channels in the floor 42 jacketed cable Solid or stranded in a horizontal or vertical open or ventilated cable channels 43 Insulated wire in a protective shell, jacketed cable multicore, imbedded directly into the wall 51 insulated wires in a protective shell, jacketed cable one - solid or stranded, and close up directly in the clutch: 52 - without any additional mechanical protection - with additional mechanical protection of 53 cable jacketed single-stranded or in pipes or in special boxes in the land of 61 jacketed cable Solid or stranded in the land: 62 - without additional mechanical protection - with extra mechanical protection of 63 insulated wires and cables in the eaves of 71 insulated wires and cables in the baseboard boxes Place for communication cables and computer networks in 1972 Insulated wire in the pipes or cables in the shell of the single-stranded or laid: 73 - to door frames - in the window frames 74 jacketed cable Solid or stranded, laid in the water 81 521.6 Wiring in pipes and ducts is allowed to lay a few circuits in the same tube or box under the condition that all the wires have insulation rated for the highest rated power installed in the pipe or box chains. 522 Selection and installation of electrical wiring, depending on external influences Notes 1 This section covers only those external factors specified in the GOST R 50571.2, which significantly affect the electrical wiring. 2 The specific operating conditions in the wiring of the external climatic factors (WWF) set in accordance with GOST 15150 and GOST 15543.1, according to one of the types of climatic modification specified in 321 GOST 50571.2. 522.1 Ambient Temperature (321.1 GOST R 50571.2) 522.1.1 Selection and wiring must be made in such a way that it was suitable for use with the highest local value of the ambient temperature in accordance with 5.4 and 5.5 Standard 15150. In this case, the upper and lower operating temperature wiring must be installed in accordance with Annex 4 GOST 15543.1. 522.1.2 The various components of electrical wiring, including cables and all accessories shall be installed only at those temperatures, which are specified in the relevant standards for specific types of articles or given by the manufacturer in accordance with 1.3 of Annex 4 GOST 15543.1. 522.2 External heat sources 522.2.1 To protect the wiring from heating by external heat sources should be used one of these or other methods of equal effectiveness: - screening - removing the wiring from source of heat to a sufficient distance - the choice of wiring with the additional temperature rise, which can take place - strengthening local insulation or replacement of the insulation material. If you eliminate additional heating above method fails, apply a correction factor to the temperature of the soil, water or air in the light of section 3 of Annex 3 to GOST 15543.1. NOTE - The heat from external sources can be transmitted by radiation, convection or conduction from: - hot water systems - from appliances and fixtures - as a result of the process - through the heat-conducting materials - from solar radiation or the environment. 522.3 Availability of water (321.4 GOST R 50571.2) 522.3.1 Wiring should be selected and mounted so as to keep water in them did not cause any damage. Mounted wiring must have a degree of protection of IP, the proper place of its location. Notes 1 In principle, intact membranes and cable insulation in fixed electrical installations may be considered as sufficient protection from moisture. Special consideration require cables with high occurrences of spray, flooding or immersion in water. 2 The damage to the wiring should be understood electrical insulation breakdown and mechanical damage of membranes or isolation. 522.3.2 should be capable of removing water or condensation in areas where they can accumulate. 522.3.3 Where the wiring may be exposed to waves (AD6), protecting it from mechanical damage, shall be provided with one or more methods to paragraphs 522.6, 522.7 and 522.8. 522.4 Availability of external solids (321.5 GOST R 50571.2) 522.4.1 Electroposting should be selected and mounted so as to minimize the danger that arises when entry of foreign particles. Mounted wiring must have a degree of protection of IP, the proper place of its location. 522.4.2 In the presence of significant amounts of dust (AE4), should take additional steps to prevent the accumulation of dust or other particles in quantities that could adversely affect the processes of heat transfer from electrical wiring. Note - You may need this type of wiring, which facilitates the removal of dust (see 529). 522.5 Impact of corrosive and polluting substances (321.6 GOST R 50571.2) 522.5.1 Where the presence of corrosive or polluting substances, including water and can cause corrosion or deterioration of electrical wiring, parts of it that may be damaged, must be adequately protected or made of materials resistant to the effects of such substances. Note - acceptable means of additional protection during the construction works may be protective tape, paint or grease. 522.5.2 Avoid contact of dissimilar metals, causing the electrolytic process, unless special measures are taken to prevent the effects of such contact. 522.5.3 Materials are inclined to call a mutual or individual lowering of their quality, should not be in contact with each other. 522.6 Blows (321.7.1 GOST R 50571.2) 522.6.1 must choose and install the wiring so as to minimize the damage from mechanical external influencing factors. 522.6.2 In fixed installations, which may in use be subjected to impact, set conditions for M43, adequate protection can be provided: - the mechanical characteristics of the wiring or - the choice of its location, or - by means of additional local or general mechanical protection, or - a combination of the above methods . 522.7 Vibration (321.7.2 GOST R 50571.2) 522.7.1 Electrical wiring, built on the design of the equipment subject to vibration of medium or high stiffness (M5, M6, M43 GOST 17516.1), or attached to them, must comply with these conditions. This is especially true of cables and their connections. Note: - Particular attention should be paid to adherence to the vibrating electrical equipment. This may apply local measures, such as flexible wiring. 522.8 Other mechanical effects 522.8.1 Electrical wiring should be selected and installed in such a way as to prevent damage to the sheathing and insulation of cables or insulated conductors and their connections during the installation and operation. 522.8.1.1 When the hidden wiring in structures of the pipe or special cable trays shall be completely assembled for each chain to tighten them in insulated wires or cables. 522.8.1.2 bend radius of wires and cables shall be such as not to cause them damage. 522.8.1.3 When routing wires and cables to support structures, building a certain distance, the latter should be such as to prevent damage to wires and cables of its own weight. 522.8.1.4 For places where wiring is exposed (say, the tensile force on the vertical sections of the route of its own weight), you should choose the appropriate type of cable or wire required sections and method of installation in order to prevent damage to wires and cables from their own weight. 522.8.1.5 in the wiring, which provides for tightening and pulling wires or cables must be applied the appropriate means of access to perform this operation. 522.8.1.6 Wiring in the floor must be adequately protected to avoid its damage during normal operation of the floor. 522.8.1.7 Wiring, rigidly and incorporated into the wall, should be placed horizontally, vertically or parallel to the edges of the wall. Wiring laid in building structures without the attachment can be positioned along the shortest path. 522.8.1.8 Flexible wiring should be installed so as to avoid impacts to the wires and connections of excess tensile forces. 522.9 Availability of flora and / or mold (321.8 GOST R 50571.2) 522.9.1 Where a hazard exists or may arise (AK2), you should choose the appropriate type of wiring or the need to take special protective measures. Note - You may need to apply this method of installation that would allow us to make removal of the emerging vegetation or mold (see Section 529). 522.10 Availability of fauna (321.9 GOST R 50571.2) 522.10.1 In places where such a danger exists or can be expected to choose the appropriate type of wiring or provide special protective measures, such as: - select wiring with appropriate mechanical properties, or - to select the appropriate location or - the use of additional local or general mechanical protection, or - a combination of the above methods. 522.11 Solar radiation (321.11A GOST R 50571.2) 522.11.1 In places where there is significant solar radiation, you should choose the appropriate type of wiring these conditions or to provide the necessary screening. Note - See also paragraph 522.2.1, regarding the elevated temperature. 522.12 Seismic impact factors (321.12 GOST R 50571.2) 522.12.1 When selecting and installing electrical wiring should be considered seismic hazard location of installation. 522.12.2 In places where there is a danger of seismic effects, special attention must be paid: - fastening electrical wiring to building constructions, taking into account the mechanical effects on the wiring under the most unfavorable (from the seismic vibrations with accelerations in Annex 6, GOST 17516.1) mutual displacements of elements of buildings; - addition to the fixed wiring of basic equipment. For example, for systems security should be ensured an appropriate degree of flexibility in connection wiring. 522.13 Movement of air (321.14 GOST R 50571.2) 522.13.1 See paras 522.7 and 522.8. 522.14 Construction of the building (CB1, CB2, SV3, CD4) (323.2 GOST R 50571.2) 522.14.1 Where the building structure can be displaced relative to each other (SV3), fixing the wires and cables and their mechanical sutured to allow a relative displacement, which does not expose the wires and cables, excessive mechanical stress. 522.14.2 In buildings with flexible or unstable structures (CD4) should be flexible wiring. Note - See paras 522.7, 522.8, 522.12. 523 Current capacity (IEC 50571.2, IEC 364 - 5-523) 524 524.1 Conductor cross-sections of phase conductors in AC circuits and current-carrying conductors in DC should not be less than the values ??shown in Table 52J. Section 524.2 of the zero of the working conductor and PEN-conductor, if any, should be the same as the phase conductor: - in the single-phase two-wire circuits, regardless of the section - a multi-and single-phase three-wire circuits under a section of phase conductors of less than or equal to 16 mm for copper and 25 mm - for aluminum conductors. 524.3 In multiphase circuits, in which a section of each phase conductor exceeds 16 mm 2 for copper and 25 mm2 - for aluminum conductors, the neutral conductor may be less than the phase conductors cross-section if the following conditions: - the expected maximum current, including harmonics, if they are, in the neutral conductor during normal operation, does not exceed current capacity for reduced cross the neutral conductor. Note - The load on the circuit in normal operation, the CE should be almost evenly distributed between the phases - the neutral conductor is protected from overcurrent in accordance with the requirements of 473.3.2 GOST 50571.8 - the zero-section of the working conductor and PEN-conductor at least equal to 16 mm for copper and 25 mm - for aluminum conductors. Table 52J - Minimum-section types of electrical conductor Purpose Stationary electrical cables and insulated provodnikitsepi Material Section, mm power and lighting circuits Copper Aluminum 1.5 2.5 (see Note 1) alarm and control circuits Copper 0,5 (see note 2) Bare wires power circuits Copper Aluminum October 16 Chains signaling and control copper 4 flexible connections with insulated wires and cables Internal installation in devices and appliances by the norms and requirements of relevant standards in other cases, Copper 0.75 (see footnote 3) In low voltage circuits for special of 0.75 Notes 1 Okontsevateli used for end seals of aluminum conductors shall be tested and designed for that purpose. 2 for signal and control circuits, intended for electronic equipment, the minimum allowable size of the cross section of conductors 0.1 mm 3 Note 2 applies also to multicore flexible cables, with seven or more strands. 525 Loss of voltage in electrical installations of buildings Note - The loss of voltage in electrical installations of buildings should not exceed 4% of the nominal voltage setting. Temporarily operating conditions, such as transients and voltage fluctuations caused by improper (erroneous) switching, do not count. 526 526.1 Electrical Connections Connections of conductors to each other, as well as their connection to the equipment must provide continuous electric circuit and the appropriate mechanical strength and protection. 526.2 Selecting the connection method should accordingly take into account: - the material of the conductor and its insulation - the number and shape of wires forming the conductor - conductor size - the number of conductors which will be connected together - the environmental conditions and areas of premises for the explosion and fire. Note - The soldering joints of power conductors should be avoided. However, if such compounds are used, they should be followed, taking into account their possible biases and mechanical effects (see paras 522.6-522.8). 526.3 All connections should be available for their inspection, testing and maintenance, except for the following compounds: - the cable connections in the land - the compound filled with compound or sealed - connecting the cold ends of heating elements, heating systems, floor and ceiling. 526.4 If necessary, measures should be taken that the temperature of the compounds under normal operation will not compromise the insulation of wires connected to them or support them. 527 Selection and wiring under the terms of limiting the spread of combustion 527.1 precautions within a separate room, limited fire-resistant building structures 527.1.1 risk of combustion can be reduced by choosing appropriate materials and installation in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12.1.004 and GOST 12.2. 007.0, GOST 12176 and the requirements set out in paragraph 522 of this standard. 527.1.2 Wiring should not lower the performance of building structures and fire safety. 527.1.3 cables and other electrical components, having the necessary fire resistance specified in the relevant standards can be applied without any extra precautions. Note - In electrical systems, where there are special circumstances of fire may be necessary to use special types of wires and cables. 527.1.4 Application of cables that do not meet minimum standard requirements to limit their ability to distribute the burning should be limited to small segments to connect the appliance to the permanent wiring networks and in any case should not be allowed to lay between rooms separated by fireproof walls. 527.1.5 Elements of electrical wiring, other than cables, which do not meet the minimum requirements of relevant standards in their ability to distribute the combustion, but in all other respects meets the requirements of the standards should be placed entirely in the sheath of non-combustible materials or protected (coated, colored), non-combustible materials. 527.2 Compaction passes electrical wiring 527.2.1 When passing through the elements of buildings and structures, such as floors, walls, roofs, ceilings, partitions, fire resistance which is determined by the project, the remaining, the holes should be sealed with a degree of fire resistance, fire resistance equal to the corresponding elements of construction structures. 527.2.2 Wiring performed in tubes, special ducts, conduits, bus bar or buses that pass through the structural elements of buildings that have installed fire must have an internal seal that provides the same fire resistance as the corresponding elements of the building. Likewise, they should be sealed from the outside, as required by paragraph 527.2.1. 527.2.3 527.2.1 and 527.2.2 Requirements deemed satisfactory if the seal wiring passed type tests. 527.2.4 Wiring in pipes and ducts, which used materials that meet the standard for the spread of fire and having a maximum internal cross section of 710 mm, there may be sealed with the inside, provided that: - the wiring is protected to not less than IR33 - any end seals wiring harness has a degree of protection not less than IR33. 527.2.5 No wiring can not pass through the bearing elements of building construction, if the integrity of the supporting elements of the building can not be maintained after the installation of electrical wiring. 527.2.6 Seals made in accordance with the requirements of 527.2.1 and 527.2.3, must meet the requirements of 527.3 and listed below in the footnotes. Notes 1 These requirements can be attributed to the material standards if such standards will be developed: - the materials used must be compatible with the materials of the wiring, with whom they come into contact - they should allow the thermal transfer element wiring without compromising the quality seal - they should be respectively the mechanical strength to withstand the stresses that can occur because of damage to support structures of wiring in a fire. 2 The requirements of this subparagraph may be provided if: - fixing or supporting the construction of cables are located within 750 mm from the mechanical seal and can withstand the mechanical stresses expected in case of destruction by fire of fasteners cable from the fire so that the seal did not experience additional stress - or by itself design the sealing device provides its required strength. 527.3 External influences 527.3.1 Seals, designed to meet the requirements of 527.2.1 and 572.2.2, must withstand external influences in the same degree as the wiring itself, for which they are used, and, besides, they must meet the following requirements: - to withstand the impact of combustion products with the same degree, designed for the structural elements of buildings, through which electrical wiring - to provide the same degree of protection against the ingress of water required from the structural elements of buildings in which they are made - seal the wiring should be protected from water flowing along the wires or gather around the seal, unless the material used to seal is not waterproof. 527.4 Installation Conditions 527.4.1 When installing the wiring may need to perform time multiplexing. 527.4.2 When working to change the wiring seal must be restored as soon as possible. 527.5 Inspection and testing 527.5.1 Seals should be checked to make sure that they are made in accordance with installation instructions. 527.5.2 Upon such verification, additional tests are required. General specifications GOST 2.702-75 Unified system for design documentation. Rules for making electronic circuits with GOST 2.752-71 Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams. Robot device GOST 2.755-87 Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in electrical circuits. Device switching and contact connections GOST 2.756-76 * Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams. Is often perceived electromechanical devices GOST 2.757-81 * Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams. Elements of the switching field for switching systems GOST 2.758-81 Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams. Signal Technology GOST 2.762-85 * Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in electrical circuits. Frequencies and frequency bands for transmission systems GOST 2.763-85 * Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in electrical circuits. Device with a pulse-code modulation GOST 2.764-86 Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in electrical circuits. Integrated optoelectronic display elements GOST 2.768-90 Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams.
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