GOST 50571.10-96 (IEC 364-5-54-80) UDC 696.6:006.354 Group E08 Electrical installations of buildings Part 5: SELECTION AND INSTALLATION OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT Chapter 54 Earthing and Protective conductor Electrical installations of buildings. Part 5. Selection and erection of electrical equipment. Chapter 54. Earthing arrangements and protective conductors ACS 27020, 29020 OKS 3402 Effective date 1/1/1997 Preface 1. Prepared and submitted to the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 337 "Electrical residential and public buildings." 2. Adopted and put into operation the Decree of the State Standard of Russia July 10, 1996 № 449. 3. This standard, except table 54D, includes a full authentic text of the international standard IEC 364-5-54 (1980) "Electrical installations of buildings. Part 5. Selection and installation of electrical equipment. Chapter 54. Earthing and protective conductors and Amendment number 1 (July 1982) to this standard. 4 Enter the FIRST REVISED 5 Introduction This standard is part of the state standards for electrical installations of buildings developed on the basis of the standards of the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC 364 "Electrical installations of buildings". Requirements of the standard should be considered when developing and revising standards, rules and regulations on the device, testing, certification and maintenance of electrical installations. For ease of reference standard when referring to it in other regulatory documents, interconnected with a set of standards IEC 364, in this Standard retain the numbering of sections and paragraphs, adopted in IEC 364-5-54-80. 1. Scope This standard establishes requirements for the grounding devices and protective conductor of electrical installations. Scope of Standard - GOST P 50571.1 30331.1/GOST. The requirements of this standard are mandatory. 2. Statutory references in this standard references to the following standards: GOST 10434-82. Contact electrical connection. Classification. General technical requirements GOST 22782.0-81. Electrical apparatus. General technical requirements and test methods GOST 30331.1-95 (IEC 364-1-72, IEC 364-2-70) / GOST 50571.1-93 (IEC 364-1-72, IEC 364-2-70) Electrical installations of buildings. Key provisions of GOST 30331.2-95 (IEC 364-3-93) / GOST 50571.2-94 (IEC 364-3-93) Electrical installations of buildings. Part 3. Key features Standard 30331.3-95 (IEC 364-4-41-92) / GOST 50571.3-94 (IEC 364-4-41-92) Electrical installations of buildings. Part 4. Security requirements. Protection against electric shock. 541. 541.1 General requirements. Operational characteristics of grounding devices must meet safety requirements and ensure normal operation of the installation. 542. 542.1 Grounding. Grounding device. 542.1.1. Grounding devices can be combined or separate for protective or functional purposes, depending on the requirements of the installation. 542.1.2. Grounding devices shall be selected and installed in such a way as to: the value of spreading resistance grounding system complies with the requirements ensuring the protection and operation of the plant during the period of operation; the flow of current earth-fault and leakage currents do not constitute a hazard, particularly with regard to heating, thermal and dynamic stability, have been provided the necessary strength or additional mechanical protection depending on the set of external factors on 30331.2/GOST GOST P 50571.2. 542.1.3. Measures should be taken to prevent damage to metal parts because of electrolysis. 542.2. Grounding. 542.2.1. As the earthing can be used are in contact with the ground: metal rods or pipes, metal bands or wires, metal plates, plates or sheets; foundation grounding, concrete reinforcing steel; Note. Can be used as earthing prestressed reinforcement in reinforced concrete must be justified by the calculated data, steel water pipe in the ground when the conditions 542.2.5; other underground facilities that meet the requirements of 542.2.6. Note. The effectiveness of earthing depends on the specific soil conditions, and therefore depends on these conditions and the required value of spreading resistance should be selected and the design of earthing. The value of spreading resistance earthing can be calculated or measured. 542.2.2. Type of earthing and the depth of burial must be such that the drying and freezing soil does not cause the excess value of earthing resistance spreading over the desired value. 542.2.3. Material and design of earthing should be resistant to corrosion. 542.2.4. In the design of earthing systems should take into account the possible increase in their resistance to the spreading caused by corrosion. 542.2.5. Metal water pipe can be used as a natural grounding devices subject to the approval of the water-supply organizations, and provided that appropriate measures are taken to notify the electrical operational staff about the proposed changes to the water system. Note. It is desirable that the reliability of grounding devices are not dependent on other systems. 542.2.6. Metal pipes of other systems, non-referred to in 542.2.5 (for example, flammable liquids or gases, central heating systems, etc.) should not be used as earth electrodes for grounding. Note. This requirement does not preclude their inclusion in the bonding in accordance with GOST R 50571.3 30331.3/GOST. 542.2.7. Lead and other metal cable sheathing, is not susceptible to destruction by corrosion, can be used as earthing with the permission of the owner of the cable and under the condition that appropriate measures be taken to notify the electrical operational staff of any changes relating to the cables, which can affect its suitability for use as an earthing. 542.3. Earthing conductors. 542.3.1. Grounding conductors shall meet the requirements of 543.1, and if they are laid in the earth, their section shall be as specified in Table. 54A. Table 54A - The smallest size of grounding conductors laid in earth grounding conductor cross section, mm2 protected from corrosion: - having a mechanical protection According to the requirements of 543.1 - not having a mechanical protection of 16 to copper and steel is not protected from corrosion and have no mechanical protection 25 on copper 50, to become 542.3.2. Grounding conductor must be securely attached to the earth electrode and deal with him satisfying the requirements of GOST 10434 electrical contact. When using the terminal, they should not hurt any earthing (eg, pipes), or grounding conductors. 542.4. The main earth terminal or bus. 542.4.1. In each unit shall be provided for the main earthing terminal or bus, and to him (or her) must be attached: grounding conductors, protective conductors, conductors, main equipotential bonding system (see Annex B); working grounding conductors (if required). 542.4.2. In an accessible location should allow for connector (disconnect) grounding conductors for measuring the spreading resistance grounding system. This can be achieved by means of the main grounding clamp or bus. Clip design should allow the detach only when using the tool to be mechanically sound and provide electrical continuity. 543. Note protective conductors. Requirements for protective conductors for bonding systems, see 547. 543.1. The smallest cross-sectional area of ??protective conductors should be: calculated in accordance with 543.1.1 or selected in accordance with 543.1.2. In both cases, you should consider the requirements of 543.1.3. Note. Earth terminal equipment installation must allow for the possibility of connection of protective conductors. 543.1.1. Cross-sectional area of ??protective conductors S, mm2, shall not be less than the value determined by the following formula (used only for the time off not more than 5 seconds): where I - the current value of the short circuit current flowing through the protection device in negligible contact resistance, A ; t - time delay switch-off device, c; Note. Should take into account current limiting resistor chain and bounding capacity (Joule integral) protection device. k - coefficient whose value depends on the material of the protective conductor, its isolation and initial and final temperatures. (The formula for calculation is given in Appendix A). The value of k for protective conductors in the different conditions listed in Tables 54B-54E. If the result of applying the formula is obtained by non-standard section, use the nearest larger standard guides section. Notes: 1. It is necessary that the cross section, calculated in such a way consistent with the conditions determined by the resistance of the circuit "phase - zero." 2. The maximum temperature for electrical installations in hazardous areas set by GOST 22782.0. 3. Should take into account the maximum allowable temperature of clips. Table 54B - The value of k for insulated protective conductors, non-cable, and for bare conductors on cable sheathing option Insulation protective conductors or cables Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene sewn, Fluorinated Rubber Butyl Rubber Finishing temperature, ° C 160 250 220 k coefficient for the conductor: - Copper 143 176 166 - Aluminum 95116110 - Steel 52 64 60 Note. The initial temperature of the conductor is assumed to be 30 ° C. Table 54C - The value of k for the protective conductor included in the stranded cable insulation material parameter Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene sewn, Fluorinated rubber Butyl rubber Initial temperature, ° C 70 90 85 Final Temperature, ° C 160250220 coefficient k for the conductor: - Copper 115 143 134 - Aluminum 76 94 89 Table 54D - The value of k when used as a protective wire sheath or armor cable insulation material parameter Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene sewn, Fluorinated rubber Butyl rubber Initial temperature , ° C 60 80 75 Final Temperature, ° C 160 250 220 coefficient k * for a conductor: - Aluminum 81 98 93 - Lead 22 27 26 - Steel 44 54 51 * The value of k for the conductors, made of aluminum, lead or steel, which IEC 364-5-54-80 not specified. Table 54E - The coefficient for bare conductors for conditions when the temperatures do not create a risk of damage surrounding materials Conductor Material Conductors laid operated in an open and in designated areas of a normal environment combustible environment Copper Maximum temperature, ° C 500 * 200 150 k 228 159 138 Aluminum Maximum temperature, ° C 300 * 200 150 k 125 105 91 Steel Maximum temperature, ° C 500 * 200 150 k 82 58 50 * The above temperatures are only allowed on condition that they do not degrade the quality of connections. Note. The initial temperature of the conductor is assumed to be 30 ° C. 543.1.2. Cross-section of protective conductors should be not less than the values ??listed in Table 54F. In this case, is not required to check for compliance with section 543.1.1. If the calculation are set to cross, different from the one given in the table should be selected from a table near a larger value. Table 54F in millimeters squared cross-section of phase conductors of the smallest cross-section of protective conductors S ? 16 S 16 < S ≤ 35 16 S>35 S / 2 values ??in the table 54F is valid only if the protective conductors made of the same material as the phase conductors. Otherwise, cross the protective conductor is selected so that their conductivity was equal to the conductivity derived from the application table. 543.1.3. In all cases, a section of protective conductors, not part of the cable must be at least: 2,5 mm2 - the presence of mechanical protection, 4 mm2 - in the absence of mechanical protection. Note. When choosing and laying protective conductors should be considered external factors affecting 30331.2/GOST GOST R 50571.2. 543.2. Types of protective conductors. 543.2.1. As a protective conductors can be used: core multicore cables insulated or uninsulated wire in a common envelope with phase conductors, permanently laid non-insulated or insulated conductors, cables, metal covers, such as aluminum sheath cables, shields, armor, some cables, metal pipes or metal shell for conductors, and some conductive elements that are not part of the electrical (external conductive parts), for example, metal building constructions and designs for production purposes (runways, galleries, elevator shafts, etc.). 543.2.2. Shell or frame, complete devices or prefabricated housing complete busbar, available as part of the installation can be used as protective conductors under the condition that they simultaneously satisfy the following requirements: a) electrical continuity circuit implemented in a way that ensures its protection against mechanical, chemical and electrochemical damage, and b) their conductivity is not less than provided in 543.1, and c) they should allow the involvement of other protective conductors in any designated places. 543.2.3. Metal safety cover (non-insulated or insulated), some electrical wiring systems, in particular, the sheaths of cables with mineral insulation, and metal pipes electrical wiring and electrical boxes can be used as protective agents for the respective chains, if they simultaneously meet the requirements of 543.2.2 and, b. Use of other tubes and shells as protective conductors are not allowed. 543.2.4. Contributed conductive parts (HRC) can be used as protective conductors, if they simultaneously meet the following requirements: a) electrical circuit continuity is ensured by either their design or related compounds that protect it from mechanical, chemical and electrochemical damage, and b) their conductivity is not less contained in 543.1, and c) of disassembly is impossible unless provisions are made to preserve the continuity of the chain and its conductivity, and d) they are constructed or, if necessary, adapted for this purpose. Allowed the use of metal water pipes with the permission of the organization responsible for the operation of water supply. Use pipe gas supply system as protective conductors shall be prohibited. 543.2.5. Using HROs as the PEN-conductor is prohibited. 543.3. Ensuring electrical continuity of protective conductors. 543.3.1. Protective conductors shall be adequately protected against mechanical and chemical damage, as well as the electrodynamic effort. 543.3.2. Connection of protective conductors should be available for inspection and testing, except for compounds filled with compound or sealed. 543.3.3. Never operate the switching devices in the circuit protective conductors, but there may be compounds that can be disassembled with a tool for test purposes. 543.3.4. When a device control circuit continuity grounding include his winding sequentially (rassechku) with the protective conductor is prohibited. 543.3.5. Do not use the exposed conductive parts of equipment as protective agents for other electrical equipment, except as provided by 543.2.2. 544. Protective earthing Note. Protection Requirements for Systems TM, TT and IT - GOST P 50571.3 30331.3/GOST. 544.1. Protective conductors used in conjunction with overcurrent protection device. When using the overcurrent protection device for protection against electric shock is necessary to lay protective conductors in a common envelope with the phase conductors or in close proximity to them. 544.2. Earthing conductors and protective devices for protection, set at a deviation or loss of voltage. 544.2.1. Shall be provided for an additional earthing is not connected electrically with the other grounded metal parts such as metal, metal pipes, metal cable sheathing. This condition is met if the auxiliary earthing is installed at some distance from the grounded metal parts. 544.2.2. Grounding conductor coming from the auxiliary earthing should be isolated to prevent contact with its protective conductor system grounding, or connected with him or other conductive parts that may be in contact with the system of protective grounding. Note. This requirement must be followed carefully to avoid accidental shunt voltage sensor. 544.2.3. 545. General requirements. 546. General requirements. Note. 547. General specifications GOST 2.702-75 Unified system for design documentation. Rules for making electronic circuits with GOST 2.752-71 Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams. Robot device GOST 2.755-87 Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in electrical circuits. Device switching and contact connections GOST 2.756-76 * Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams. Is often perceived electromechanical devices GOST 2.757-81 * Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams. Elements of the switching field for switching systems GOST 2.758-81 Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams. Signal Technology GOST 2.762-85 * Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in electrical circuits. Frequencies and frequency bands for transmission systems GOST 2.763-85 * Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in electrical circuits. Device with a pulse-code modulation GOST 2.764-86 Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in electrical circuits. Integrated optoelectronic display elements GOST 2.768-90 Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams.
GOST 50571.10-96 (IEC 364-5-54-80) UDC 696.6:006.354 Group E08 Electrical installations of buildings Part 5: SELECTION AND INSTALLATION OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT Chapter 54 Earthing and Protective conductor Electrical installations of buildings. Part 5. Selection and erection of electrical equipment. Chapter 54. Earthing arrangements and protective conductors ACS 27020, 29020 OKS 3402 Effective date 1/1/1997 Preface 1. Prepared and submitted to the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 337 "Electrical residential and public buildings." 2. Adopted and put into operation the Decree of the State Standard of Russia July 10, 1996 № 449. 3. This standard, except table 54D, includes a full authentic text of the international standard IEC 364-5-54 (1980) "Electrical installations of buildings. Part 5. Selection and installation of electrical equipment. Chapter 54. Earthing and protective conductors and Amendment number 1 (July 1982) to this standard. 4 Enter the FIRST REVISED 5 Introduction This standard is part of the state standards for electrical installations of buildings developed on the basis of the standards of the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC 364 "Electrical installations of buildings". Requirements of the standard should be considered when developing and revising standards, rules and regulations on the device, testing, certification and maintenance of electrical installations. For ease of reference standard when referring to it in other regulatory documents, interconnected with a set of standards IEC 364, in this Standard retain the numbering of sections and paragraphs, adopted in IEC 364-5-54-80. 1. Scope This standard establishes requirements for the grounding devices and protective conductor of electrical installations. Scope of Standard - GOST P 50571.1 30331.1/GOST. The requirements of this standard are mandatory. 2. Statutory references in this standard references to the following standards: GOST 10434-82. Contact electrical connection. Classification. General technical requirements GOST 22782.0-81. Electrical apparatus. General technical requirements and test methods GOST 30331.1-95 (IEC 364-1-72, IEC 364-2-70) / GOST 50571.1-93 (IEC 364-1-72, IEC 364-2-70) Electrical installations of buildings. Key provisions of GOST 30331.2-95 (IEC 364-3-93) / GOST 50571.2-94 (IEC 364-3-93) Electrical installations of buildings. Part 3. Key features Standard 30331.3-95 (IEC 364-4-41-92) / GOST 50571.3-94 (IEC 364-4-41-92) Electrical installations of buildings. Part 4. Security requirements. Protection against electric shock. 541. 541.1 General requirements. Operational characteristics of grounding devices must meet safety requirements and ensure normal operation of the installation. 542. 542.1 Grounding. Grounding device. 542.1.1. Grounding devices can be combined or separate for protective or functional purposes, depending on the requirements of the installation. 542.1.2. Grounding devices shall be selected and installed in such a way as to: the value of spreading resistance grounding system complies with the requirements ensuring the protection and operation of the plant during the period of operation; the flow of current earth-fault and leakage currents do not constitute a hazard, particularly with regard to heating, thermal and dynamic stability, have been provided the necessary strength or additional mechanical protection depending on the set of external factors on 30331.2/GOST GOST P 50571.2. 542.1.3. Measures should be taken to prevent damage to metal parts because of electrolysis. 542.2. Grounding. 542.2.1. As the earthing can be used are in contact with the ground: metal rods or pipes, metal bands or wires, metal plates, plates or sheets; foundation grounding, concrete reinforcing steel; Note. Can be used as earthing prestressed reinforcement in reinforced concrete must be justified by the calculated data, steel water pipe in the ground when the conditions 542.2.5; other underground facilities that meet the requirements of 542.2.6. Note. The effectiveness of earthing depends on the specific soil conditions, and therefore depends on these conditions and the required value of spreading resistance should be selected and the design of earthing. The value of spreading resistance earthing can be calculated or measured. 542.2.2. Type of earthing and the depth of burial must be such that the drying and freezing soil does not cause the excess value of earthing resistance spreading over the desired value. 542.2.3. Material and design of earthing should be resistant to corrosion. 542.2.4. In the design of earthing systems should take into account the possible increase in their resistance to the spreading caused by corrosion. 542.2.5. Metal water pipe can be used as a natural grounding devices subject to the approval of the water-supply organizations, and provided that appropriate measures are taken to notify the electrical operational staff about the proposed changes to the water system. Note. It is desirable that the reliability of grounding devices are not dependent on other systems. 542.2.6. Metal pipes of other systems, non-referred to in 542.2.5 (for example, flammable liquids or gases, central heating systems, etc.) should not be used as earth electrodes for grounding. Note. This requirement does not preclude their inclusion in the bonding in accordance with GOST R 50571.3 30331.3/GOST. 542.2.7. Lead and other metal cable sheathing, is not susceptible to destruction by corrosion, can be used as earthing with the permission of the owner of the cable and under the condition that appropriate measures be taken to notify the electrical operational staff of any changes relating to the cables, which can affect its suitability for use as an earthing. 542.3. Earthing conductors. 542.3.1. Grounding conductors shall meet the requirements of 543.1 and, if they are laid in the ground, their section shall be as specified in Table. 54A. Table 54A - The smallest size of grounding conductors laid in earth grounding conductor cross section, mm2 protected from corrosion: - having a mechanical protection According to the requirements of 543.1 - not having a mechanical protection of 16 to copper and steel is not protected from corrosion and have no mechanical protection 25 on copper 50, to become 542.3.2. Grounding conductor must be securely attached to the earth electrode and deal with him satisfying the requirements of GOST 10434 electrical contact. When using the terminal, they should not hurt any earthing (eg, pipes), or grounding conductors. 542.4. The main earth terminal or bus. 542.4.1. In each unit shall be provided for the main earthing terminal or bus, and to him (or her) must be attached: grounding conductors, protective conductors, conductors, main equipotential bonding system (see Annex B); working grounding conductors (if required). 542.4.2. In an accessible location should allow for connector (disconnect) grounding conductors for measuring the spreading resistance grounding system. This can be achieved by means of the main grounding clamp or bus. Clip design should allow the detach only when using the tool to be mechanically sound and provide electrical continuity. 543. Note protective conductors. Requirements for protective conductors for bonding systems, see 547. 543.1. The smallest cross-sectional area of ??protective conductors should be: calculated in accordance with 543.1.1 or selected in accordance with 543.1.2. In both cases, you should consider the requirements of 543.1.3. Note. Earth terminal equipment installation must allow for the possibility of connection of protective conductors. 543.1.1. Cross-sectional area of ??protective conductors S, mm2, shall not be less than the value determined by the following formula (used only for the time off not more than 5 seconds): where I - the current value of the short circuit current flowing through the protection device in negligible contact resistance, A ; t - time delay switch-off device, c; Note. Should take into account current limit circuit resistance and limit the ability of (the integral Joule) protection device. k - coefficient whose value depends on the material of the protective conductor, its isolation and initial and final temperatures. (The formula for calculation is given in Appendix A). The value of k for protective conductors in the different conditions listed in Tables 54B-54E. If as a result of applying the formula obtained by non-standard section, use the nearest larger standard guides section. Notes: 1. It is necessary that the cross section, calculated in such a way consistent with the conditions determined by the resistance of the circuit "phase - zero." 2. The maximum temperature for electrical installations in hazardous areas set by GOST 22782.0. 3. Should take into account the maximum allowable temperature of clips. Table 54B - The value of k for insulated protective conductors, non-cable, and for bare conductors on cable sheathing option Insulation protective conductors or cables Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene sewn, Fluorinated Rubber Butyl Rubber Finishing temperature, ° C 160 250 220 k coefficient for the conductor: - Copper 143 176 166 - Aluminum 95116110 - Steel 52 64 60 Note. The initial temperature of the conductor is assumed to be 30 ° C. Table 54C - The value of k for the protective conductor included in the stranded cable insulation material parameter Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene sewn, Fluorinated rubber Butyl rubber Initial temperature, ° C 70 90 85 Final Temperature, ° C 160250220 coefficient k for the conductor: - Copper 115 143 134 - Aluminum 76 94 89 Table 54D - The value of k when used as a protective wire sheath or armor cable insulation material parameter Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene sewn, Fluorinated rubber Butyl rubber Initial temperature , ° C 60 80 75 Final Temperature, ° C 160 250 220 coefficient k * for a conductor: - Aluminum 81 98 93 - Lead 22 27 26 - Steel 44 54 51 * The value of k for the conductors, made of aluminum, lead or steel, which IEC 364-5-54-80 not specified. Table 54E - The coefficient for bare conductors for conditions when the temperatures do not create a risk of damage surrounding materials Conductor Material Conductors laid operated in an open and in designated areas of a normal environment combustible environment Copper Maximum temperature, ° C 500 * 200 150 k 228 159 138 Aluminum Maximum temperature, ° C 300 * 200 150 k 125 105 91 Steel Maximum temperature, ° C 500 * 200 150 k 82 58 50 * The above temperatures are only allowed on condition that they do not degrade the quality of connections. Note. The initial temperature of the conductor is assumed to be 30 ° C. 543.1.2. Cross-section of protective conductors should be not less than the values ??listed in Table 54F. In this case, is not required to check for compliance with section 543.1.1. If the calculation are set to cross, different from the one given in the table should be selected from a table near a larger value. Table 54F in millimeters squared cross-section of phase conductors of the smallest cross-section of protective conductors S ? 16 S 16 <<>> 35 S / 2 values ??in the table 54F is valid only if the protective conductors made of the same material as the phase conductors. Otherwise, cross the protective conductor is selected so that their conductivity was equal to the conductivity derived from the application table. 543.1.3. In all cases, a section of protective conductors, not part of the cable must be at least: 2,5 mm2 - the presence of mechanical protection, 4 mm2 - in the absence of mechanical protection. Note. When choosing and laying protective conductors should be considered external factors affecting 30331.2/GOST GOST R 50571.2. 543.2. Types of protective conductors. 543.2.1. As a protective conductors can be used: core multicore cables insulated or uninsulated wire in a common envelope with phase conductors, permanently laid non-insulated or insulated conductors, cables, metal covers, such as aluminum sheath cables, shields, armor, some cables, metal pipes or metal shell for conductors, and some conductive elements that are not part of the electrical (external conductive parts), for example, metal building constructions and designs for production purposes (runways, galleries, elevator shafts, etc.). 543.2.2. Shell or frame, complete devices or prefabricated housing complete busbar, available as part of the installation can be used as protective conductors under the condition that they simultaneously satisfy the following requirements: a) electrical continuity circuit implemented in a way that ensures its protection against mechanical, chemical and electrochemical damage, and b) their conductivity is not less than provided in 543.1, and c) they should allow the involvement of other protective conductors in any designated places. 543.2.3. Metal safety cover (non-insulated or insulated), some electrical wiring systems, in particular, the sheaths of cables with mineral insulation, and metal pipes electrical wiring and electrical boxes can be used as protective agents for the respective chains, if they simultaneously meet the requirements of 543.2.2 and, b. Use of other tubes and shells as protective conductors are not allowed. 543.2.4. Contributed conductive parts (HRC) can be used as protective conductors, if they simultaneously meet the following requirements: a) electrical circuit continuity is ensured by either their design or related compounds that protect it from mechanical, chemical and electrochemical damage, and b) their conductivity is not less contained in 543.1, and c) of disassembly is impossible unless provisions are made to preserve the continuity of the chain and its conductivity, and d) they are constructed or, if necessary, adapted for this purpose. Allowed the use of metal water pipes with the permission of the organization responsible for the operation of water supply. Use pipe gas supply system as protective conductors shall be prohibited. 543.2.5. Using HROs as the PEN-conductor is prohibited. 543.3. Ensuring electrical continuity of protective conductors. 543.3.1. Protective conductors shall be adequately protected against mechanical and chemical damage, as well as the electrodynamic effort. 543.3.2. Connection of protective conductors should be available for inspection and testing, except for compounds filled with compound or sealed. 543.3.3. Never operate the switching devices in the circuit protective conductors, but there may be compounds that can be disassembled with a tool for test purposes. 543.3.4. When a device control circuit continuity grounding include his winding sequentially (rassechku) with the protective conductor is prohibited. 543.3.5. Do not use the exposed conductive parts of equipment as protective agents for other electrical equipment, except as provided by 543.2.2. 544. Protective earthing Note. Protection Requirements for Systems TM, TT and IT - GOST P 50571.3 30331.3/GOST. 544.1. Protective conductors used in conjunction with overcurrent protection device. When using the overcurrent protection device for protection against electric shock is necessary to lay protective conductors in a common envelope with the phase conductors or in close proximity to them. 544.2. Earthing conductors and protective devices for protection, set at a deviation or loss of voltage. 544.2.1. Shall be provided for an additional earthing is not connected electrically with the other grounded metal parts such as metal, metal pipes, metal cable sheathing. This condition is met if the auxiliary earthing is installed at some distance from the grounded metal parts. 544.2.2. Grounding conductor coming from the auxiliary earthing should be isolated to prevent contact with its protective conductor system grounding, or connected with him or other conductive parts that may be in contact with the system of protective grounding. Note. This requirement must be followed carefully to avoid accidental shunt voltage sensor. 544.2.3. Protective conductor must be connected to the hull only of electrical equipment to be switched off in case of a protective device. 545. Operating grounding 545.1. General requirements. Operating grounding should be done in such a way as to ensure the normal operation of electrical equipment, as well as normal and safe operation of electrical installations. 546. Combined grounding device for desktop and PE 546.1. General requirements. When grounding is required both for protection and for the normal operation of electrical installations in the first place should comply with the requirements applicable to the protection measures. 546.2. PEN-conductor. 546.2.1. In TN systems for permanently installed cables with a cross-sectional area not less than 10 mm2 or 16 mm2 copper in aluminum, the only living can be used as a PEN-conductor, provided that the considered part of the setup is not protected by circuit breaker, responsive to differential current . 546.2.2. In order to avoid stray current isolation of PEN-conductor must be designed to the highest voltage that can be applied to it. Note. PEN-conductor is not required to isolate the inside of complete controls and power distribution. 546.2.3. In cases where, starting from any point of the installation, neutral and protective earth conductors are separated, it is forbidden to combine these conductors at this point in the course of energy. At the point of separation is necessary to provide some clips or bus zero workers and protective conductors. PEN-conductor must be connected to the terminal, intended for the protective conductor. 547. Conductors of bonding 547.1. The smallest cross-sectional area. 547.1.1. Principal conductor of bonding. Cross-section of the main conductor of bonding should not be less than half the largest cross-section of protective conductor installation, but not less than 6 mm2. However, do not want to apply the guides section for more than 25 mm2 of copper or equivalent, if the conductor is made of another metal. 547.1.2. Additional conductors of bonding. The cross section for the additional bonding conductor system connecting the two exposed conductive parts of electrical equipment is normally not under stress, must not be less than the smallest cross-section of protective conductors connected to these parts. The cross section for the additional bonding conductor system connecting the grounded part of the electrical and metal building construction and industrial purposes, must be at least half of the cross protective conductor of electrical equipment connected to the grounding of the part. Additional bonding system conductors shall, where necessary to meet the requirements of 543.1. Link for bonding can be achieved either steel structure construction and industrial purposes, or additional conductors, or a combination of both. 547.1.3. Bypass flow. In the case of water pipes in the building as a grounding or protective conductors should be planned bypass flow with good cross-section of the conductor, depending on whether you use it as a protective conductor of bonding or grounding wire working. ANNEX A (normative) Method of determining the coefficient k (see 543.1.1) The coefficient k is determined by the formula where QC - volumetric heat capacity of the conductor material, J / (° Sxmm3) B - the reciprocal of temperature coefficient of resistance at 0 ° C for a conductor , ° C; r20 - resistivity of the conductor material at 20 ° C, Omxmm; qi - the initial conductor temperature, ° C; qt - the final conductor temperature, ° C. The material, ° C QC, J / (° Sxmm3) r20, Omxmm Copper 234.5 3.45 '10-3 17.241 '10-6226 Aluminum 228 2.5 '10-3 '10-28.264 6,148 230 Lead 1.45 '10-3 214'10-June 1942 Steel 202 3.8 '10-3 138'10-June 1978 Annex B (normative) Grounding and protective conductors 1 - protective conductor, 2 - chief conductor of bonding; 3 - grounding conductor 4 - additional wire bonding system, in - the main terminal (screw) ground; M - earthing of electrical equipment (exposed conductive parts); C - steel structure building (external conductive part) P - a metal riser (pipe) plumbing; T - earthing Posted 07/20/2008 GOST on "Electrical, lighting, security systems," GOST 15597-82 Fixtures for industrial buildings. General specifications GOST 2.702-75 Unified system for design documentation. Rules for making electronic circuits with GOST 2.752-71 Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams. Robot device GOST 2.755-87 Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in electrical circuits. Device switching and contact connections GOST 2.756-76 * Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams. Is often perceived electromechanical devices GOST 2.757-81 * Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams. Elements of the switching field for switching systems GOST 2.758-81 Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams. Signal Technology GOST 2.762-85 * Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in electrical circuits. Frequencies and frequency bands for transmission systems GOST 2.763-85 * Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in electrical circuits. Device with a pulse-code modulation GOST 2.764-86 Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in electrical circuits. Integrated optoelectronic display elements GOST 2.768-90 Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams.
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