Friday, July 15, 2011

Work planers

The plane may have both metal and wooden body, although in recent years, the number of produced planers in wooden buildings has decreased significantly. Plane with the metal casing is used primarily for treatment of solid wood and particleboard. To perform basic work used planes with a wooden hull, because they are easy to slide on the wood, which results in ease of use. There are several types of hand planes, which are designed for a different type of work. Depending on this, their blades can be straight or curved. The most commonly used jack-plane - a tool used for the initial, rough handling of the workpiece. With help of a special rounded blade it allows you to prepare a wood surface for further alignment and removes all irregularities remaining after cutting. In most variants of jack-plane can be massive and heavy enough, to make it easier to remove various irregularities in the wood surface. Housing jack-plane is usually made of metal. Single-plane is used after the surface was treated with jack-plane. Feature of it is broad straight blade, which allows you to take a flat thin shavings. When working single-planers, the formation of small chips and scuffing. Dual plane is used for cleaning the surface, which was treated with single-planers. This is the final form of treatment, after which the workpiece surface is smooth, almost mirror. Getting the surface of similar quality is provided by the structure of dual planer blades. The fact that each blade is set so-called chipbreaker, which does not form a bully and chipped. For processing large parts are used and special large planes, which are called jointer. The length of such an instrument - about 60-80 cm, which avoids the various surface debris that are inevitable when working with the tool is too short block. Jointer knives are flat and wide enough (5-8 cm). Wood surface after treatment jointer must be processed by double-planer. Optimal production of double knife planer in this operation must not exceed 0,3 mm. One variety of planers is tsinubel. This tool is very similar to an ordinary plane, but due to the peculiar structure of the knife he carries out specific functions. Knife edge has a concave shape, while working well remove the gnarled, scuffs and cross-grained. The edges of the blades appear, and at its center, a small depression in the ground. Wood processing tsinubelem on its surface there are small ridges. A knife is always placed almost perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece. Planing tsinubelem carried out in two directions - first along the grain of the wood and then across. Formed fairly smooth surface, which can be easily pasted veneer or process to finish condition. The main condition for competent and safe operation of planes of different designs is the correct fixing of the workpiece. At home, not everyone, even a beginner, the wizard should be able to use a specialized carpenter's bench. In this case, you can use a portable folding bench or secure the workpiece with clamps on ordinary tables. When you commit a blank try to have a place of processing as close to the lips of the clutches. Work with each planers should be based on one-principle - to make smooth, smooth motion. If the plane is small, you can work with one hand. The main application of force is moving forward on a planer. It was during this movement and are actually planing the workpiece. Return motion must be passive in nature and used to make the starting position. Your feet should be placed wide enough to ensure a stable posture when planing and large amplitude motions. This advice is particularly relevant if you work with large blooms. Jigsaw with curved at an angle of 45 ° the ends of the machine allows to cut by a line drawn along the boards that you can not do the usual fret. When using planer large should be involved in both hands. Place the palms on the handles rubankaravnomerno distribute downforce on both edges of planer. I must say a few words about the preparation of planing to work in this includes not only the working edge of a knife sharpening planer, but the correct adjustment established by the planer knives. With heavy use of planer blade quickly enough blunt. This is especially true with hard wood, with different knots and defects in wood. In order for the tool worked well, it is necessary to keep it in working condition. One of the things competent training tool is its proper sharpening. First knife planer sharpened on a whetstone. It is best to firmly secure a bar on the workbench or table top with lock or clamp. When sharpening stone hold the bottom beveled edge blades (beveled). Click on the blade of one or two hands when moving away from you. Care should be taken so that when you move the knife to chamfer bars adjoined to the stone the whole plane. The angle of the blade should not be changed, otherwise the bevel will be a hunchback, and its width is uneven, resulting in whittling a knife will be of poor quality. Of course, to keep it from one angle is difficult enough, but this ability will certainly come to you during practice. Bevel knife lead to grinding stones for as long as the entire length of the blade (meaning its working part) appears burr, which is easy to feel with your fingers. Then put the knife flat front face on the bar and mixed straight and circular motions with light pressure to move the sharpening stone. As a result of these manipulations burr disappears from the front edge and emerge on the bevel. Again, flip the knife and remove the burr with the bevel. Work must be repeated until the complete disappearance of burr on both surfaces of the blade. After removal of the burr to make a correction on the blade is the touchstone, pre-moistened with water. Alternately in a circular motion, first treat the bevel, and then the front face of the blade. The main objective is sharpening without skewing the cutting edge of a knife planer. Therefore, while sharpening the blade you should always check the accuracy grinding gon. Keep in mind that even a small misalignment sharpening knife edge planer is not valid. His presence greatly complicates the process of whittling: swarf starts wrinkle, hammer clearance between the blade and socket planer, it has to constantly reach out, disassemble and clean the plane. Cause of bias may be manufacturing defects, as well as sharpening the knife in the wrong position. Detected defect sharpening must be removed immediately. For this first Stoch greater part of the edge, and then begin to level the rest. When it detects a significant bias, the knife must peretochit on coarse stone, on which facet stitch faster than fine-grained. This stone is used for the initial sharpening knives, produced after the purchase of planes, as well as in the case of damage or excessive dulling the cutting edge of a knife. Sharpening at a stone poluchaetsyadostatochno rough so that after the first burr on the edge of the blade you'd better go to the processing blade fine-grained block. When sharpening planer blades should be remembered more for one moment. Before inserting a sharpened knife block planer, it is imperative round the ends of the cutting edge, a little whittle down the corners of the blade. If you do not, the sharp corners of the blade will keep on the planed surface is hard-deleted sulcus, which clearly will spoil the view of the workpiece or part. Once the knife is sharpened planer, it is important to properly install it in the block planer. Most modern planers, there are several options for adjusting the slope and the release of a knife outside the housing planer. For the proper and parallel release of the knife planer outside the body using special screws that are located on both sides of the blade. In order to properly release the knives out of the housing planer, insert it into the slot and gently press the pad wedge in a wooden block or clamping screw in a metal shoe. After that you must raise up to eye level plane soles up and adjust production knife so that the cutting edge is strictly parallel to the bottom and has performed at a few tenths of a millimeter. Too big issue knife will lead to too strong penetration into the wood and will be charged too thick chips. It will always be stuck between the blade and the housing planer and greatly complicates the process of planing. With too small release knife outside the housing planer or planing did not happen, or will get too thin layer of wood. By installing double knife, you must see to it that the overlay does not struzhkolomnaya dohodilado knife edge approximately 2 mm. In some cases it makes sense to stock up on replacement blades for the planer. Replacing a knife to others, you will be able to do different work with only one tool that will allow substantial savings and money, and space required for storing tools. In the wood planer with a small gap between the body and lip are often stuck chips. Cut away the obstruction in the housing planer. Revised tool will throw chips without delay. When properly installed, the blade you may find that instead of the blade is visible to a thin thread - this is the correct installation of the knife planer. When operating power planer, inspect the wood procurement for the presence of her nails and other foreign metal objects, otherwise there is the possibility of damage or breakage of the tool. To delete the scoring, often formed on the workpiece after processing jack-plane, you can use an auxiliary plane - shliftik. When working with electrical and mechanical tools check the settings on the sample piece of wood. It is recommended that any incorrect or inaccurate configuration tool did not result in damage to the workpiece. There are also electric planes. Their main difference from simple hand-operated plane zaklyuchaetsyav that the drum power planer is not one, but two blades. When working with the power planer is not required to exert more effort and speed when moving the tool along the surface of the workpiece. On the contrary you should be slow enough to move the planer for wood harvesting. Operate power planer to be accurate, always keeping both hands. Should be evenly and firmly push the plane to the surface of the wooden piece. Elektrorubanok as hand planes, used for chamfering blanks. To do this, put the plane on the edge of the workpiece and by setting the desired output of knives, produce chamfering. With a side folding may stop (for the device depth of rebate not exceeding 30 mm). Side stop should be set so that it touches the edge of the workpiece. Emphasis will be directed to the workpiece plane. To gain a deep seam you will have planers on the harvesting is not one, but several times to obtain the necessary depth of rebate. Be sure to securely attach the side fence with mounting screws. On the validity and reliability of fastening the side stops depend the accuracy and quality of the process of folding. Structurally, the planer is designed as a drum, having an electric motor drive with toothed belt made of synthetic materialov.V housing drum secured two knives, which at sufficiently high speed drum ensures smooth operation of the device and even chipping with a wooden piece. Knives attached with several screws, and mounting height adjustable with two screws, located on a different plane. With a screwdriver you can adjust the release of the knife beyond the sole planing. It is recommended to use a metal ruler or other flat and smooth metal object. Typically, the adjustment screw or two. Alternately vyvinchivaya or tightening them, you can raise or lower the corresponding edge of a knife. With a ruler, position on the desktop or the sole of a plane, check the height of the release of the blade planer. Making sure that the blade is released to the desired height, securely lock it with the lateral pressure plate bolts. Such screws can be from 2 to 6, depending on the size of the drum planer. With the spanner is made fixing the knife clamping plate. Especially important to remember that when you change blades should replace them in pairs and install the same knives. This must be done to eliminate the imbalance. Drum rotation speed planer is large enough, so imbalance leads not only to deterioration of the machining of wood, but also to a rapid exit from the instrument system. Regulate the production of blades beyond the sole power planer is easy. There is a regulation mechanism, combined with the front handle-operated plane. When rotating the knob you can set the value of production of blades (in this instrument from about 2 mm).

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