Any work with wood should start with the markup. You can use rulers, marking squares, roulette and other measuring devices. For marking circles or drawing, you can use a homemade compass. Without the use of control and measuring instruments can not perform even the simplest operation. The most common tool for this kind of a roulette, which is used for measuring linear quantities. If the markup on the bench or desktop necessarily need to have a ruler. It most convenient to attach to the end of bench boards, so you fuse istrument on for confirmation. Attach the line to be the ends, so you can remove it if necessary, and then put back into place. Roulette is a tape measure made of thin flexible steel, enclosed in metal or plastic housing. In most roulette tape unwound automatically under the influence of the spring. Roulette come with a measuring tape of different lengths. We recommend that you purchase roulette 10 m long, it will come in handy not only for joinery and carpentry, but also in the repair of apartments and work at their summer cottage. To measure the linear values ??can be used a ruler and a folding rule. Last convenient because in hard Metakhim may be of variable length and in some cases easier to work with them than with a tape measure or ruler. To establish the exact right angle and measure the angle between the sides of parts using squares. They are often made of metal or wood. At one of the shoulder gon have markings in increments of 1 mm. To build on blanks marking a 45 ° angle used device, dubbed "erunok. This triangle is made of two plates, one of which is fixed in the middle of another at an angle of 45 °. It is convenient to use in determining the angle of 135 °. For an accurate measurement of the existing angle and transport measurements on the workpiece (or blank) there is a fixture as bevel. It is very similar erunok, but its construction at the site of bonding sides of the angle there is latched hinge. For marking arbitrary angles, there are special devices more akin to drawing equipment (Kuhlman). The following layout tools can be combined into one group. These include the gauge, dragged and carpentry caliper. All of them are intended for marking lines parallel to the edge of the blanks with sharp metal rods, which leave marks on the workpiece. For convenience in further work be marked on the workpiece so that it was clearly visible and legible. The fact is that when sawing wood produces a lot of sawdust, which quickly cover the markings and may adversely affect the quality of work. To avoid this, take regular breaks from sawing to remove the sawdust from the markup and make it visible. Otherwise you risk to deviate from the intended line of pre-cutting and damage the workpiece or nearly finished product. If the wood after sawing is subject to further processing, it makes no difference what you apply markup. This may be an ordinary pencil, special striping pencil, felt pen or marker. The following markup will be removed by subsequent processing of wood. But if the workpiece is finishing, you have very carefully marked on the product. This can be done the usual sharpened pencil, awl or special cores. In addition to marking, it is very important in the processing of timber harvesting (particularly when sawing) has a fixation. One of the most common ways of attaching pieces of wood in the home or in a makeshift studio is a way of fixing with clamps. Many people know that this clamp, and not just enjoy this simple but effective device. Currently in stores and specialized markets with a wide selection of clamps of various sizes and purposes, made from both metal and polymeric materials. To work with wood you can use different clamps. For example, in order that it may be easier (and safer) to saw the workpiece without a partner, you should fix it to one or two clamps on the workbench or table top. If you do not have calipers, but requires accurate opredelit.d.ametr bolt or screw, insert the measured object in the vise and clamp it netugo sponges. The distance between the jaws measure a millimeter ruler. This measurement will be much more accurate than direct measurement of the object, especially if it is wrong to whittle away the butt. In that case, if the workpiece is small and you're afraid to damage it, we recommend the use of polymer clamps. Fixing the cheeks of this tool has a plastic lining, which can not povredit.d.revyannuyu workpiece. When marking wooden pieces be careful to not cut into the zone were large knots and defekt.d.evesiny. If you do not take into account these factors, you may encounter difficulties in sawing and further processing of the workpiece. If you do not have the opportunity to acquire miter box, do not despair. Such an arrangement can be made most of the three bars or boards. Most importantly, choose a flat piece for making miter box. For a stronger fixation (a lot of effort in sawing hardwood) is recommended to use metal clamps. Another way of fixing the workpiece is its fixation in a special layout designed for joinery and carpentry. The working surface of the bench consists of two halves which can move: push to the desired value using the special handles. Threaded through the mechanism they set in motion one of the parts of the desktop workbench. Inserting blank (board or board) between the halves, you can fix it with arms. On the work surface bench has holes into which you can insert the supplied special plastic stoppers, they will help you choose the right size and level of fixation of wood harvesting. In addition, this small bench will greatly help you in your work, it is also ideal for apartments, since folded and is in a condition little space. Using such a workbench, you will not only save power, time and nerves, but not isportit.d.mashnyuyu furniture, trying to saw off something on the kitchen table or stool. Generally when working with wood should be as carefully fitted the workplace, as the better organized the work, the easier obrabotat.d.evesinu and make it what you want done. The main element of the right to obtain a work bench space is a table or workbench. It is necessary to perform all basic operations with the tree - marking, sawing, planing, painting and assembly. On the bench you should always keep on hand a ruler. The most convenient way to attach it to the end of bench boards, so you fuse the tool from damage. Fix the line should be in the pits at both ends, so you can remove it if necessary, and then put in place. Talking about the process of marking and sawing wood at given angles and not forgetting about the topic of fixing the workpiece, we must mention the so-called sawing box, yet it is called a "miter box. This tray consists of bottom and lateral side walls, nailed to the bottom at a right angle. In the walls of the miter box cuts are made at different angles. Simply place the workpiece in SAWING box and lock it by inserting a hacksaw cuts, corresponding to a given angle required to start cutting. The most common angles in the miter box - 45 and 90 °, but there are miter box with preset angles of 30 and 60 °. Workpiece (the board, bar) is placed in a box SAWING butt to the line of cut and pressed against one of the side walls of the "gutter". The secret to smooth, with no chips, sawmill - a sharp, well-diluted drink. Cut the workpiece to be, performing smooth motion with no abrupt changes in speed wire saws blades, lightly pressing the fabric to the bottom of the cutting and do not rock the hacksaw, and moving it along the bottom of the "gutter". When sawing do not need to exert great physical effort. All movements should be done vrazmah, that is completely ispolzovat.d.inu hacksaw blade. Sawing boxes Available in large quantities and are different sizes and a set of given angles. Material for these simple devices is mainly plastic. The surface of the bench will last longer if it is made of thick hardwood planks of wood and covered with varnish. Basis for the bench can be made from softwood.
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