Drainage of individual houses

There are two groups of water supply schemes of individual residential homes: water supply when connected to a centralized vodosistemam and the establishment of local (decentralized) supply system. The first, more simple, reliable, but not very often we can meet near the country house a centralized water supply system with all the attributes (water treatment plants, pumping stations, etc.). But if you're lucky, and we consider this case. But note that even for one important detail: the main condition under which your holiday home can be installed plumbing - the opportunity exists to discharge and wastewater disinfection. In short, water and sewage are inseparable (in general, should be complete comfort). Water supply schemes in acceding to centralized first thing to attach the house to the street water supply network builder must obtain permission from the organization operating the water supply (usually Industrial management of water and sewer). In the same organization and the developer gets the connection conditions, which indicated the place and the scheme's possible accession (usually the nearest well), the depth of burial, a guaranteed water pressure at the input, etc. Accordingly, in UVKH can order a water seal, or at least get acquainted with the rough estimate for this type of work. If you are after you see numbers going into shock, then we can try to look less serious organization teshey for laying water supply system. And so you can have an idea about the work that will give some recommendations. The water supply system of an apartment house when connected to piped water intake consists of an external input, piping, valves. For the laying of water, you can use steel, galvanized iron and plastic pipe. For steel and plastic pipe minimum diameter of the input should be not less than 20 mm, cast-iron - 50 mm. Laying depth should be at 41.5 m below the freezing depth. Perhaps an underground water pipe insulation insulation. If the house has a basement, the input are routed through the foundation with its case of larger diameter pipe section. The hole in the case are buried resin strands (flax), clay, cement mortar layer of 3-5 cm at both ends. In homes without a basement entry paving in a case in the soil under the foundation. The system must necessarily be possible to completely disconnect the water supply system, complete emptying. Also, when installing plumbing make bias toward induction wells, equal to 0.003. Schemes of water supply individual houses using local sources of water intake if you went around the neighborhood of his country house and found no trace of water and also found that in the coming years, no one is going to build - do not despair that you have to live by the old-fashioned way with village washstand, etc. If you have the desire, strength, and some tools, you can create on the site its water system. Moreover, this system may be even safer and better than a centralized one. In short, everything in your hands. Water supply system in the presence of local systems of water intake consists of water intake facilities (wells, boreholes, springs kaptazhnyh cameras), internal and external piping, a water or hydropneumatic tank, pump. The first thing to do is to set your source water intake pump. Depending on the type, the pump can be directly immersed in water or placed on a floating pontoon (that are always on the water surface), on the stove. Each pump type has its advantages and disadvantages. Before you buy a pump, should be familiar with its characteristics. First, pay attention to his performance (as measured in m3 / h, ie, how much water the pump can overtake for 1 hour to make you more clearly, a volume of 1 m3 is equal to 1000 liters of water). Secondly, on the head - the altitude at which this pump can lift water (measured in meters). When measuring the height necessary for you to lift the water into account not only the depth of the water intake, but also that it is necessary to raise the attic or at least on the second floor of your house. When water intake from open sources (lakes, rivers, ponds, etc.) can be very misleading impression that the water surface is roughly on par with the house. Pay attention to the slope that exists in the direction of the water and the distance to the water. At large distances from home to the source, even a slight deviation can give a difference in the levels of 5-20 m. The pump is connected by electric cable to the outside wiring (with weatherproof insulation), the cable can be made as under, and a canopy (air line) . Air line is recommended to lay at a height of not less than 5 m (from ground level to the bottom line), away from walkways and tall trees. The distance from electrical wires to a nearby tree branches must be at least 3 meters section of wires is specified depending on the power consumption of the pump and the allowable voltage drop. Note also that the cold cable is reduced in length, so avoid its rupture is necessary to provide compensating the loop or not to pull the cord. Next, if you have a water intake and pumping station and you will not draw water with buckets and hand pumps, do not stop there, it is advisable to install vodonakaplivayuschee device. This device can be a water tank (which can be manufactured in-house) or hydro-pneumatic installation. The tank is usually installed in the highest place, often in the attic, but we need to take into account the additional static load on the floor (if necessary it should be strengthened to the water tank is not accidentally turned on the lower floors of your house). Fuel tank capacity shall be equal to 10-15% of daily water consumption, usually on a house he is 60-120 liters. Odonaporny tank can be made of sheet metal (to cook them, etc.). The simple solution - the use of conventional 200-liter drums. To do this it must be burned with fire, wash and cover both sides of corrosion-resistant coatings, as allowed for drinking purposes (eg, iron minium or linseed oil). Under the water tank is usually installed a metal pan, which protects the floor of the house from the condensate moisture and water leakage. For ease of use, the tank is better equipped for automatic switching on and off the pump (in the system includes a floating water level sensor and switch to electric magnetic starter). Tank feeding system equip-diverting, overflow and drain pipes. Through the drainage hole in the bottom of the pan accumulated water falls by gravity into overflow pipe, there is water discharged from the overflow and drain pipes at the top and bottom of the tank water drive. Overflow pipe serves to protect the tank from the overflow at a possible malfunction of the electric tripping device, it also monitors the water level in the tank. Drain pipe is necessary to periodically clean the tank water drive, ie its drainage. For this purpose the tank installed with a slope (about 0,003) in the direction of the drain pipe. Tank filled with water through the feed tube, and consumption occurs through the outlet pipe. Recommended pipe diameter, mm: delivery pipe - 32; abductor pipe - 13; overflow pipe - 13-15; discharge pipe - 19; culvert - ~ 25. To keep water in a water tank in the winter does not freeze, it must be warmed. If the house has a local hot-water heating, it is better to place it next to the expansion tank (hot water, located in the expansion tank will heat the space, it will not give water in a water tank to freeze). For more comfort to the water in the taps was not so icy (in winter), we can recommend the water drive inside the tank near the outlet pipe from the heater kettle. You can include it in parallel with the pump, ie, when you turn on the pump it will heat the water in the tank. Do not think that you will begin to flow warm water, just in the water temperature will increase by 2-5 degrees. That in the winter time is quite nice. If you thought the tank water drive unit complex, we can recommend other water-pressure device - hydropneumatic setup. Hydropneumatic units have certain advantages compared to the elevated water tanks, as they can be placed on the 1 st floor of the building, basements, wells, etc. However, for reliable operation requires uninterrupted power supply. The installation consists of the following elements: a pump, hydropneumatic tank, a control unit and valves. The main element of the installation - hydropneumatic tank, which consists of two elliptical bottoms flare between which a rubber diaphragm separating the tank to the air (top) and liquid (lower) chamber. Installation is automated. The pump turns on and off depending on the pressure in the system. The disadvantage of setting a too small amount of hydro-pneumatic tanks (23 liters), which leads to frequent on and off pumps. Power supply of such facilities - 220 V. To make sure your source water intake operated during the winter, it must be warmed, but at the same time you must leave the ventilation tower. For summer water (and water for irrigation), it is desirable to establish a separate vodonakaplivayuschee device. Setting it on the sunny side of the site, you get warm water with no energy. This water is necessary to provide valves for complete drainage of water before the onset of cold weather. Remember that frozen water in the pipe can rupture pipes and vodonakaplivayuschy tank. Still want to note that virtually any water supply scheme will be a shortage of drinking water (I mean really clean drinking water). Not necessarily all of the water flowing through the filters, we can supply systems to separate the water potable, industrial and water for irrigation. Generally, watering is not necessary to use ground water, they are usually unstable. Spring during snowmelt, wells are abundant, they are abundant in the rainy season. But for a small amount of precipitation during the dry summer months, wells, spring water may not be enough for all economic purposes. It is therefore very important for unstable groundwater in a country house to install another water inlet for rainwater and meltwater. It is installed near the house and serves to collect rain from the roof of your house (ie the slopes of the spillway with a roof made directed to the intake). Intake capacity should be large enough. Many developers under the sink sets a standard 200-liter drums. Believe me, the problem with irrigation is the amount of water can not solve (of course, better something than nothing). The ideal solution - water inlet on the 1000-2000 liter. Fill it must be immediately after the retreat of frost in early spring. While you will be using so much water, water inlet again filled with rainwater. This can be any industry standard capacity, you can cook it from a metal sheet (note that the extent necessary to establish different ribs). To extend the life of the metal are best covered with a protective layer, such as red lead and linseed oil. In a country house, I saw a handy home-built huge water inlet of about 3000 liters of polyethylene (greenhouse) of the film. To do this, put together a solid wooden box of appropriate size, to sheathe the inside of a soft material (to film the pressure did not explode), then solder foil cube and put it in the prepared box. From what would you have done your water inlet, it is necessary to provide a lead pipe, overflow and drain pipes. Drain is required for draining water intakes for the winter. By averting nozzle connects water for irrigation and other economic purposes. Overflow pipe serves to drain water overflow intakes. Top water intake tank must have a hatch for the collection of atmospheric water (to reduce evaporation of water it must be small, the perfect solution - if you install the drain pipe directly entering into water inlet).