From which to build the wall? Characterization of materials

Wall - the most important constructive element of the house, the cost of up to 30% of the cost of the building. Material, design and wall thickness selected for the project at home, depending on climatic and other conditions. Materials used on the walls are divided into: wood (from the logs, beams, wood frame), brick (hollow-and full bodied clay and calcium silicate bricks); light concrete (of gas silicate, keramsit, cinder, Arbolita, opilkobetona). Wall construction is: chopped out of logs collected from a wooden beam, building block, panel, monolith, etc. Most strong and durable walls are made of natural stone and solid brick. But in its heat-insulating qualities, they lose much, for example, lightweight concrete and wood. The thickness of the walls of houses depends on the design and estimated winter temperatures, for the estimated temperature for the solid walls are taking an average temperature of the coldest five days during the year (Table 14). Table 14. Characteristics of the materials of walls minimum wall thickness is chosen from the condition that the residential areas of the house temperature should be below 18 ° C at rated temperature of the winter heating and running. While taking into account also that the thickness of the walls of the unheated space adjacent to the heated spaces shall be 0.7 thick outer wall. Thickness of the walls of bathrooms because of high humidity is calculated at 13 cm greater than the thickness of the walls of living rooms. The thickness of the internal walls must be at least 1 / 15 of their height. Light concrete wall in 1,5-2 times cheaper than brick. Chopped and bruschatye sanitary-hygienic requirements are the most comfortable. The main disadvantage of wooden walls - low fire. For the tree design resistance taken to indicate compression along the fibers.