Warm home

Unsatisfactory form of facades of houses are sometimes a cause for the demolition of their own. At the same time if it's only the facades, they can be transformed with the help of new coating materials, described as an architectural expressiveness, and durability. Warm House - as a fortress Unsatisfactory appearance of facades of houses are sometimes a cause for the demolition of their own. At the same time if it's only the facades, they can be transformed with the help of new coating materials, described as an architectural expressiveness, and durability. Unfortunately, talking about the durability of finish is now premature. Facades, even new homes on which construction has not yet been completed, have the following breakaway tiles. Number of buildings disfigured so no one counted, but they are relatively often catch the eye, thus emphasizing the problem. It is well known for another serious illness for existing buildings - a weak thermal protection. It leads to an increase in heating costs (by some estimates - 40%). Therefore, many happy owners of their own home still under construction are thinking about teplosberezheniya. After all, winter in Russia is very severe. Choose a system of insulating the walls is not easy, because of heat engineering efficiency, they differ little. Crucial to the reliability and functional efficiency, versatility and ease of practical application. It is necessary to take into account the parameters of a particular building or project: the possibility of additional load on the foundation that is acceptable (including depreciation), the load on the wall, the system conforms to the landscape, and of course its cost. Properly assess all these factors can only be a professional. System insulation wall insulation of walls produce both outside and inside the building. Advantages of the outer facade insulation. Warm front creates a favorable temperature in the house. In addition, increased thermal insulation of the building helps reduce heat loss in winter and prevents the penetration of heat in the summer. This allows significant energy savings. Double wall fronts to reduce costs for heating buildings up to 60%. Reduce emissions of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Make it possible to use light frame construction without losing heat resistance. Through the use of light frame construction is achieved savings in unit foundation and walls up to 40%. Allow to reduce the thickness of exterior walls - thus you increase the internal floor area of ??up to 5%. The use of light frame construction allows for the same area of ??building a large living space, which significantly affects the economic benefit of this system. Promptly remove moisture, concentrated in the outer insulation of the system, make impossible the formation of mold and mildew on the surface of the walls inside the structure. Allow to store heat in the enclosing structure, creating a positive climate within the building. Help prevent the formation of salt deposits on the walls of the building. Solve the problem of sealing joints in prefabricated buildings. Increase the sound insulation of exterior walls. Can be used both for newly constructed and reconstructed on the buildings. Increases the value of buildings, representing a good investment. Additional thermal protection device protects the building from the outside wall of alternating freezing and thawing and other weather conditions, smooths fluctuations in temperature the main body of the wall, thereby avoiding the appearance of cracks in it due to nonuniform thermal strains, which is especially important for the exterior walls of the large panels. The above factors favor an increase in longevity of the carrier part of the outer wall, moves the dew point of the outer insulating layer, thereby avoiding otsyrevanie the inside walls, creates a favorable mode of the wall under the terms of its water vapor permeability, eliminating the need for a special vapor barrier devices, including window slopes that required in the case of internal insulation, generates more favorable indoor climate that allows users, in some cases to improve the facade of reconstructed or repaired buildings, does not reduce the area of ??the premises. If in the outer insulation of conductive heat loss through the inclusion of reduced when thickening the layer insulation and in some cases they can be neglected, then the inner insulation negative impact of these inclusions increases with the thickness of the insulation. Another advantage of the outer insulation is a massive increase in the thermal storage capacity of the wall. When the outer insulation of brick walls when they turn off the heat source cools down to 6 times slower than the walls with internal thermal insulation at the same layer thickness of insulation. This feature of the outer insulation can be used to save energy in systems with a regulated supply of heat, including through its periodic shutdown, as well as furnace heating, which is very important for individual houses. Heat storage capacity insulated from outside the massive walls can be effectively used as a passive solar energy use in the event of a significant size translucent bounded birthplace, which can provide up to 12-15% cost thermal resources for central and southern regions. When the orientation of the premises to the south of heat savings can increase to 18-25%. Internal insulation is permissible to apply only if you can not use outside when required calculation and verification of annual balance vlagonakopleniya in construction or in buildings of a temporary stay. To the device outer insulation of buildings is necessary to survey the state of facade surfaces with an estimate of their strength, flatness, cracks, etc., because this depends on the order and the amount of preparatory work, and determination of design parameters, such as the depth of sealing plugs in the thickness of the wall. Heat insulation materials Heat insulation materials - are the products and building materials, which are designed for thermal insulation of buildings and structures. The main feature of the insulating materials is their high porosity and, consequently, low density and low thermal conductivity. The main purpose of insulating materials is to reduce energy consumption for heating buildings. In addition, the use of thermal insulation in buildings can significantly reduce the mass of structures, reduce the consumption of basic building materials such as brick, wood, concrete, etc. To date, the designs of buildings and facilities used a variety of insulation materials. The most widely used materials based on expanded polystyrene (EPS extrusion), and polyurethane foam, mineral wool and glass wool. Heat insulating materials are widely used in the construction of modern buildings. With their help, insulated roof, exterior, interior and basement walls, floors and ceilings. In each case, the insulating materials have specific requirements depending on the conditions of its operation. The choice of material is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the material and its technical characteristics. The main technical characteristics of insulating materials is the thermal conductivity - the ability to transfer heat of the material. To quantify this characteristic is used the thermal conductivity, which is equal to the amount of heat that passes through the 1 hour sample of the material thickness of 1 m and an area of ??1 square meter at a temperature difference on the opposite surfaces of 1 ° C. Note that the magnitude of the heat insulating materials depends on the density of the material, type, size, location, time, etc. Also a strong influence on the thermal conductivity on temperature and humidity of the material. In different countries, methods for measuring thermal conductivity are significantly different, so comparing the thermal conductivities of various materials is important to consider the conditions under which measurements were conducted. Additional parameters characterizing insulating materials may include density, compressive strength, compressibility, water absorption, sorption humidity, frost resistance, vapor transmission and fire resistance. Knowledge of these parameters and their use in calculating thermal insulation systems can achieve the desired results - significant cost of building materials and minimum energy consumption for heating buildings. Ways of warming facade of the building can be warmed in three ways: the inner insulation, outer insulation, construction insulation inside the wall. In general, preference is given to the external facade insulation systems because these systems offer several advantages. This could include the protection of walls against adverse external influences (temperature, atmospheric and biological), also protect the walls from cooling, which prevents condensation on internal surfaces, walls, and, of course, additional sound insulation and long life. Facade thermal insulation system, depending on the technology of thermal insulation, was isolated in the following categories: lightweight plaster system insulation, heavy plaster systems insulation, facade systems with kolodtsevoy brickwork and three-layer system, ventilated design of facades. In light of plaster insulation systems plate heater is fixed to the wall with glue and dowels, and then covered with a thin plaster layer. The total thickness of the layers does not exceed 15 mm. It is obvious that the heat insulating material in the facade systems the highest requirements. For the installation of light plaster systems needed workers with high skills, because the plaster should be applied strong and uniform layer. Plate heater in heavy plaster insulation systems to be fixed with mesh reinforcement and anchors. The thickness of the layers after a heater can reach 50 mm. In this system, a front metal mesh carrier protects the finish layer of linear thermal strain. Here, as in the lungs of plaster systems, high requirements for insulation. In addition, when using heavy insulation systems eliminates the need to attract highly skilled workers, as there is no need to align the facade surface. In facade systems kolodtsevoy masonry and so-called three-layer systems, insulation is inside the building envelope. The first layer is the internal load bearing wall. Its thickness is determined by only the requirements of strength. The second layer - is lagging, the thickness of which depends on the thermal requirements. And the third (front) layer protects the insulation from external influences. Another system of warming of facades - it is ventilated facade system. It is similar to kolodtsevuyu masonry with an air gap, but instead uses a variety of exterior wall facing materials (boards or sheet material). Thermal insulation material attached to the wall with the help of load-bearing frame and anchor fastening system. Such a wide range of facade insulation systems undoubted advantage of modern building technology. However, as for the construction of new buildings and for heat insulation of facades of buildings already constructed, the choice of facade insulation can be a challenge. This is due to the fact that for the optimal selection of the system and determining an effective way to warm facade, requires special knowledge and experience. In other words, without specialized companies can not do. Plastering of the facades, depending on the thickness of the facade plaster layers used two types of devices in the system: the rigid and flexible (sliding or hinged) fasteners (mounting brackets, anchors). First used in the thickness of the plaster layer of 8-12 mm. In this case, the temperature-humidity-deformations of thin layers of plaster do not cause cracking and the load of the weight can be perceived rigid attachments, working in the lateral bending and stretching from the windscreen suction. With considerable thickness of plaster layer of 20-30 mm for flexible fixing elements which do not interfere with temperature and humidity deformation and accept only the tensile stresses, ensuring the transfer of loads from the weight of plaster layers through the insulation board to the existing building wall. Insulation system with rigid attachments device provides an adhesive (adhesive) layer thickness of 5.2 mm, with uneven ground - 5-10 mm, with which aligns the base, gluing (eg, mounting) plate heater. Since the thickness of the plaster does not exceed 10-12 mm, this system should be used for reasons of fire insulation of noncombustible materials, such as mineral-cotton plates. Plate heater is insulated to further reinforce the wall with the screw-topped universal fasteners, consisting of a polymer dowels, screw rods from corrosion-resistant steel, but plastic and metal washers, or large-diameter (140 mm). At fixed to the wall plate insulation is applied the base coat of plaster 3-5 mm thick, similar to the adhesive-nomu, and it vtaplivayut reinforcing polymer mesh or glass-alkali-resistant glass. On the base layer for a better grip nakryvoch-nym (finishing), matching the color of the layers and improve water resistance of plaster is applied in between primer specially formulated thickness of 2-4 mm. The finishing layer is a body-colored stucco mass from grains of various sizes. Depending on the thickness of the finishing layer may be 3-5 mm. The total thickness of plaster layers, usually less than 12 mm. For the device plaster layers used formulations based on mineral and polymeric materials. However, these plaster must be sufficiently vapor permeable, but durable and waterproof, and have the necessary decorative properties. The mineral composition may include a hydrate white limestone, white cement, selected quartz sand and special additives. In colored plaster contains, in addition, light, dry pigments. In addition to these components, this system provides for the use of additional insulation fasteners in the form of various metal profiles, corners, and bands that are protected from corrosion. Insulation system with flexible fasteners includes insulating layer of insulation plates required thickness and secured to the dry wall is insulated by nakalyvaniya them on flexible brackets, as well as bonding with the reinforcing wire mesh and studs and then coated with two or three coats of plaster. Internal wall insulation Location insulating material on the inner wall surface of the existing buildings is often only possible because, firstly, the insulation can be made at all, but only in certain areas of the building. Secondly, the production of works on the thermal protection can be made at any time of year here, in contrast to the systems of external insulation is not required for a means podmaschivaniya. And finally, the third - while not changing appearance of the buildings, so this method is often used in buildings with complicated facades in architectural terms of artistic or historical value. Unfortunately, the wall insulation on the inside has two very significant drawbacks. One of them - this is an obvious reduction in floor space by increasing the thickness of the wall. Another disadvantage stems from the fact that a massive, well-accumulating heat of the wall (eg brick) as a result is in a zone of low temperatures. This dramatically reduces the thermal inertia of the enclosing structure, which greatly affects the indoor climate. For the literate insulation inside the walls must also take into account the physics of heat and moisture transfer. As already mentioned, the temperature of the enclosing structure of a layer of insulation is greatly reduced. Therefore, in winter the water vapor formed in the room, and due to the difference of partial pressure of diffusing outward, inevitably condenses upon layer of insulation on the inner surface of the massive wall. Condensed and accumulated over the winter period, the moisture can not be brought out even in the summer, which leads to a progressive dampening of the walls and the development of microorganisms (deterioration of health indicators premises). In this regard, remarkable experience of Finland. Everyone knows the lungs Finnish houses, in which a thin wall bearing wood is warmed from the inside with slabs of mineral wool. During the operation, this leads to waterlogging of the tree, its contamination by fungi, mold and humidity to increase in the accommodation, even in summer. The inhabitants of these houses increases dramatically the number of asthmatics.