Soundproofing apartments

Our house is full of sounds. This is the murmur of flowing tap water, and sizzle pan on the stove, and the creak of the door, and shuffling slippers, and polyphony working appliances (refrigerators, vacuum cleaners, washing machines, stereos, TV , air conditioning and mechanical ventilation), and much more. His note in the general chorus make sounds from the street and from neighbors. All this forms the so-called household noise. Talking about it, they mean not individual sounds, each of which is characterized by its amplitude and frequency, and the whole of their range in the frequency range perceived by our ear. In the terminology of architectural and design projects are deeply ingrained concept of "room acoustics". In practice, it involves the solution of two interrelated problems: the protection of the premises from the sounds from the outside and ensure quality dissemination of useful sounds inside it. Both involve reducing the energy of sound waves, but the first - when they pass through the barrier (this is called soundproofing) and the second - the reflection from the barrier (sound absorption). Methods for noise isolation rid your ear from unwanted sounds in two ways: by reducing the level of noise source or the setting on the path of acoustic waves barrier. When choosing appliances is desirable to focus on those whose own noise at work does not exceed 40 decibels. The level of noise penetrating from the outside limit at the time of construction. This is achieved as a result of compliance with regulatory requirements soundproofing of premises. "noisy" areas (kitchen, bathroom, toilet) are joining in separate blocks adjacent to the stairwells or similar blocks of neighboring apartments. If the main noise sources are located outside the housing, as desired silence is still there, should be given special attention to additional sound insulation structures enclosing spaces at the side, top and bottom. These often include: - separating walls and partitions - floors and ceilings, including joints with walls and partitions - window units, interior and balcony doors - and also embedded in the walls and ceiling of equipment and engineering services, fostering the spread of noise. Sound Insulation ability to frame structures used in construction is estimated to average values ??of sound insulation index Rw and Lnw. For the houses of category "A" (highest), they should be 54 and 55 dB respectively, for houses of category "B" - 52 and 58 dB, and finally, for houses of category "B" - 50 and 60 dB. Sound-absorbing materials as fillers most commonly used plates of glass companies and ISOVER PFLEIDERER, mineral wool and ROCKWOOL PAROC, as well as acoustic materials with layered or cellular structure of other firms. By themselves, these articles do not prevent the room from the penetration of noise, but included in the septum, can improve its insulating ability. The higher the absorption coefficient aw of the material used, the insulating properties of better. The material can either be natural - a mineral origin (basalt wool, kaolin wool, expanded perlite, foamed glass, fireclay) or vegetable (cellulosic wadding, reed plate, torfoizolyatsionnaya plate, mat of flax hemp, cork sheet), or synthetic gas-filled plastic (penopoliestr, polyurethane foam, penopolipropilen, etc.). The most durable mineral wool from rock (usually basalt). Among its additional benefits managers PAROC EXPORT called hydrophobicity, fire resistance, vapor transmission and environmental safety. But the glass, according to company specialists "Saint-Gobain Isover," allows us to produce a much lighter boards than from rockwool. molds and pests such materials do not start. peculiarity of polystyrene is the low water vapor permeability (at 40-70 times lower than that of mineral wool). As a result, the motion pair out is complicated, and in high humidity areas require forced air conditioning (to prevent dampness of walls). One example of multilayer structures, mounted on an existing wall for extra insulation - enough light panels ZIPS size 500 x 1500 mm. In some cases, using them can raise the index of Rw interior partitions to 8-13 dB. Each panel consists of alternating, different thickness of layers of dense gypsum and soft mineralovoloknistyh (fiberglass) sheets. The total thickness of construction is 70-130 mm. The specialists of "acoustic materials" claim that after mounting panels ZIPS-Super on a wall in a brick crashing neighboring disco, formerly a comparable level of noise from slamming doors constantly lift, reduced to acceptable for housing in the daytime 40 dBA. Selection of sound-absorbing materials, the calculation of the number and thickness of the sheets, as well as the quantity of air cavity is best left to a specialist. Only in this case, the effectiveness of soundproofing the premises will be maximum when the investment. proneknoveniya protect the room from the noise below and above soundproofing rooms above and below defined intermediate floors. However, to protect against structural noise it would make too thick and heavy. As an additional sound insulator can be mounted overhead or boarding a ceiling ("Ideas for Your Home" N 5, 2001, article "The ceilings for the most practical"). But between the bottom slab and floor coverings (parquet, linoleum, laminate, carpet) usually trail intermediate elastic substrate. It significantly reduces the noise of your footsteps, for which, incidentally, a neighbor from the bottom should be grateful. Of course, in this case, not all unique. Thus, additional sound insulation index Rw acoustic ceilings less than 8 dB, and that without into account the effect of structural noise. Manufacturers, instead of this index leads the coefficient of sound insulation Dncw, which has a much higher value, but often does not apply to residential premises. is much more efficient device soundproofing floor. It can be installed on joists or elastic ("floating ") basis. impactor reduces noise by using substrates of various materials. For example, a polymer-bitumen membranes Fonostop Duo (Firm INDEX), technical cork thickness of 8 mm from the firm IPOCORC or sheets" Regupol "made from crumb rubber and polyurethane ( "REGUPEKS). On top of doing concrete floor thickness of 30-50 mm, and is already on her final sanding plank flooring. Due to the low modulus substrate material spread impact noise drops. TIGI-KNAUF offers its soundproof" pie ". Different combinations of its layers in combination with a sheet of polystyrene with thickness of 20-30 mm can change the index Lnw by 20-30 dB for the vibration frequency 150-3000 Hz. On average, a "floating" floor is able to reduce this index by 8-33 dB for the most common household noises with frequencies ranging from 150 to 3000 Hz. Fleeing the noise, you may face many unexpected problems. For example, when laying the linoleum with a felt base directly on the concrete slabs 220 mm thick acoustic insulation from below is often even worse at 3.1 dB. Culprits of trouble - the resonant phenomenon. Professional acoustics take into account such pitfalls. In high-rise buildings to fight the impact noise has always used the cushioning material. With his help protect the joints bearing elements. Quite effectively, say, rolled silica fiber Supersil 6 mm thick. According NIISF it reduces the index Lnw to 27 dB. Fiber is universal, since different even and good sound absorption. As the cushioning material is useful as a synthetic tape "Regupol." choosing these products over the thickness, strength and durability, you must be especially careful and cautious. Case that the elastic strips reduce the stiffness of the fence. To make your home did not come close in strength to a house of cards, better yet additional activities to produce sound insulation with specialist speakers. soundproofing windows and doors windows, balcony and interior doors also contribute to penetration into the room noise. And better soundproofing in this case is in contradiction with the problem of ensuring the flow of fresh air. But because the device centrally forced ventilation in residential buildings - too expensive, experts of "AEROMATIKA XXI Century" offers a different solution: to establish in every window (horizontally or vertically) a special sound attenuating ventilation valve. It can be, for example, the window ventilator model Aeromat 80. Such a device takes just two functions: reduces noise and provides ventilation. And fresh air can be controlled with a special linkage. The maximum attainable value of air flow determines the value of the index Rw: at 15 m3 / h it is 40 dB at 26 m3 / h - 36 dB at 70 m3 / h - 21 decibels. The same function can carry out and inlet valve Aeropac 60/90 firm SIEGENIA. It is mounted on the wall next to the window and feeds outside air through a PVC-box, creating a noise level no higher than 37 dB. It is very useful to know the level of noise in your area. Depending on the indicator specialists of the company "BAMO" recommends that you install different versions of window frames. optimum combination of glass thickness, number of blades and the size of the gaps between them can create the necessary sound insulation while maintaining adequate breathability of the window. But, of course, the noise level in the room even with the perfect window will be night and day different. balcony door is always seen as a fence with patchy sound quality adjustment. Soundproofing bottom, framed often provide, by analogy with the interior partitions and glazed the top - as well as windows. Some practical recommendations 1. Partitions should rely only on the slabs or beams, located between the beams, but in any case not on the joists or floors. Be sure to clean the floor joists and the two adjacent spaces are not touching. This is to prevent the transmission of vibrations that occur when walking. 2. The walls of the building material with an open cellular structure (eg, of porous concrete) should be thoroughly plastered. So you can prevent the penetration of sound waves through the pores. 3. veneer laminated gypsum interior wall sheets with two coats of best offset seams of one layer relative to another. 4. When embedding the lighting equipment on the walls and ceiling will not forget carefully seal the remaining gaps and clearances. They can significantly reduce the index of insulation enclosing structure.